How to include (source) R script in other scripts

Question

Here is one possible way. Use the exists function to check for something unique in your util.R code.

For example:

if(!exists("foo", mode="function")) source("util.R")

(Edited to include mode="function", as Gavin Simpson pointed out)

There is no such thing built-in, since R does not track calls to source and is not able to figure out what was loaded from where (this is not the case when using packages). Yet, you may use same idea as in C .h files, i.e. wrap the whole in:

if(!exists('util_R')){
 util_R<-T

 #Code

}

Say util.R produces a function foo(). You can check if this function is available in the global environment and source the script if it isn't:

if(identical(length(ls(pattern = "^foo$")), 0))
    source("util.R")

That will find anything with the name foo. If you want to find a function, then (as mentioned by @Andrie) exists() is helpful but needs to be told exactly what type of object to look for, e.g.

if(exists("foo", mode = "function"))
    source("util.R")

Here is exists() in action:

> exists("foo", mode = "function")
[1] FALSE
> foo <- function(x) x
> exists("foo", mode = "function")
[1] TRUE
> rm(foo)
> foo <- 1:10
> exists("foo", mode = "function")
[1] FALSE

You could write a function that takes a filename and an environment name, checks to see if the file has been loaded into the environment and uses sys.source to source the file if not.

Here's a quick and untested function (improvements welcome!):

include <- function(file, env) {
  # ensure file and env are provided
  if(missing(file) || missing(env))
    stop("'file' and 'env' must be provided")
  # ensure env is character
  if(!is.character(file) || !is.character(env))
    stop("'file' and 'env' must be a character")

  # see if env is attached to the search path
  if(env %in% search()) {
    ENV <- get(env)
    files <- get(".files",ENV)
    # if the file hasn't been loaded
    if(!(file %in% files)) {
      sys.source(file, ENV)                        # load the file
      assign(".files", c(file, files), envir=ENV)  # set the flag
    }
  } else {
    ENV <- attach(NULL, name=env)      # create/attach new environment
    sys.source(file, ENV)              # load the file
    assign(".files", file, envir=ENV)  # set the flag
  }
}