How to force all variables in Typescript to have a type declared

Question

I understand that when you declare a variable in Typescript, you can choose whether or not to specify a type for the variable. If no type is specified, the default "any" type is used. Is there a way to force all variables to have a type declared, even if it may be "any". As in, I want a compiler error when a type isn't specified. This is so that programmers would be forced to give everything a type and prevent cases where variables are accidentally left as "any".

Answer 1

It's not true that a variable declared is necessarily without type in TypeScript. The TypeScript compiler will, when possible, infer a type based on the right hand side of a declaration.

For example:

var x = 150; 

x will be a Number as the RHS is a number.

You can use the command line compile option to catch declarations where the type cannot be inferred by using --noImplicitAny:

Warn on expressions and declarations with an implied 'any' type.

This option would catch a case where a variable d for example is declared, yet not assigned to a value immediately.

var d; 

Will produce an error:

error TS7006: Parameter 'd' of 'test' implicitly has an 'any' type.

The compiler switch also catches parameters without a specified type, and as @basarat pointed out in a comment, it also catches return types and class/interface members.

There's a little more information in this blog post as well. Note that there's also an equivalent MSBuild/project setting available: <TypeScriptNoImplicitAny>.

Answer 2

You could also set in your tsconfig.json:

{   "compilerOptions": {      "noImplicitReturns": true,      "noImplicitAny": true   } }