How to find out which functions were NOT inlined

Question

Is there a way to obtain a list of functions that were NOT inlined anywhere? Either by passing an option to gcc or by inspecting the binary?

EDIT: I know how to explicitly ask for a function not to be inlined by using gcc's builtin attribute noinline.

Answer 1

Add -fdump-ipa-inline to your compiler options.

Grep the file yoursourcefile.inline which is created next to the object file for "Considering inline candidate" to find out all functions that the compiler considered inlining.

Grep the file for "Inlined into" to find out all functions that the compiler finally did inline.
Grep for "inline_failed:" if you are interested for the reason why the compiler turned down a candidate (e.g. "call is unlikely and code size would grow").

Answer 2

Use gcc's -fdump-tree-all and search the dump files for "inline".