How to find inherited tables programatically in PostgreSQL?

Question

I have a PostgreSQL 8.3 database where table inheritance is being used. I would like to get a list of all tables along with its schema name which is inherited from a base table using query. Is there any way we can get this using PGSQL?

Answer 1

Since you're on such an old version of PostgreSQL you'll probably have to use a PL/PgSQL function to handle inheritance depths of > 1. On modern PostgreSQL (or even 8.4) you'd use a recursive common table expression (WITH RECURSIVE).

The pg_catalog.pg_inherits table is the key. Given:

create table pp( );     -- The parent we'll search for
CREATE TABLE notpp(); -- Another root for multiple inheritance
create table cc( ) inherits (pp); -- a 1st level child of pp
create table dd( ) inherits (cc,notpp); -- a 2nd level child of pp that also inherits aa
create table notshown( ) inherits (notpp); -- Table that inherits only notpp
create table ccdd () inherits (cc,dd) -- Inheritance is a graph not a tree; join node

A correct result will find cc, dd, and ccdd, but not find notpp or notshown.

A single-depth query is:

SELECT pg_namespace.nspname, pg_class.relname 
FROM pg_catalog.pg_inherits 
  INNER JOIN pg_catalog.pg_class ON (pg_inherits.inhrelid = pg_class.oid) 
  INNER JOIN pg_catalog.pg_namespace ON (pg_class.relnamespace = pg_namespace.oid) 
WHERE inhparent = 'pp'::regclass;

... but this will only find cc.

For multi-depth inheritance (ie tableC inherits tableB inherits tableA) you have to extend that via a recursive CTE or a loop in PL/PgSQL, using the children of the last loop as parents in the next.

Update: Here's an 8.3 compatible version that should recursively find all tables that inherit directly or indirectly from a given parent. If multiple inheritance is used, it should find any table that has the target table as one of its parents at any point along the tree.

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION find_children(oid) RETURNS SETOF oid as $$
SELECT i.inhrelid FROM pg_catalog.pg_inherits i WHERE i.inhparent = $1
UNION
SELECT find_children(i.inhrelid) FROM pg_catalog.pg_inherits i WHERE i.inhparent = $1;
$$ LANGUAGE 'sql' STABLE;

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION find_children_of(parentoid IN regclass, schemaname OUT name, tablename OUT name) RETURNS SETOF record AS $$
SELECT pg_namespace.nspname, pg_class.relname 
        FROM find_children($1) inh(inhrelid) 
          INNER JOIN pg_catalog.pg_class ON (inh.inhrelid = pg_class.oid) 
          INNER JOIN pg_catalog.pg_namespace ON (pg_class.relnamespace = pg_namespace.oid);
$$ LANGUAGE 'sql' STABLE;

Usage:

regress=# SELECT * FROM find_children_of('pp'::regclass);
 schemaname | tablename 
------------+-----------
 public     | cc
 public     | dd
 public     | ccdd
(3 rows)

Here's the recursive CTE version, which will work if you update Pg, but won't work on your current version. It's much cleaner IMO.

WITH RECURSIVE inh AS (
        SELECT i.inhrelid FROM pg_catalog.pg_inherits i WHERE inhparent = 'pp'::regclass
        UNION
        SELECT i.inhrelid FROM inh INNER JOIN pg_catalog.pg_inherits i ON (inh.inhrelid = i.inhparent)
)
SELECT pg_namespace.nspname, pg_class.relname 
    FROM inh 
      INNER JOIN pg_catalog.pg_class ON (inh.inhrelid = pg_class.oid) 
      INNER JOIN pg_catalog.pg_namespace ON (pg_class.relnamespace = pg_namespace.oid);

Answer 2

The following statement retrieves all child tables of the table public.base_table_name:

select bt.relname as table_name, bns.nspname as table_schema 
from pg_class ct 
    join pg_namespace cns on ct.relnamespace = cns.oid and cns.nspname = 'public' 
    join pg_inherits i on i.inhparent = ct.oid and ct.relname = 'base_table_name' 
    join pg_class bt on i.inhrelid = bt.oid 
    join pg_namespace bns on bt.relnamespace = bns.oid

It should work with 8.3 although I'm not 100% sure.