How to call DynamicObject.TryGetMember directly?

Question

I'm implementing a general purpose function to extract a value from an arbitrary provided dynamic object, but don't know how to call TryGetMember because it requires a GetMemberBinder which is abstract, hence I cannot create it. Sample...

public object GetValue(DynamicObject Source, string FieldName)
{
    object Result = null;
    GetMemberBinder Binder = x;  // What object must be provided?
    Binder.Name = FieldName;
    if (Source.TryGetMember(Binder, out Result))
       return Result;

    throw new Exception("The field '" + FieldName + "' not exists");
}

Is there an already existent concrete descendant of GetMemberBinder ready for use? or a guideline to create my own implementation?

Answer 1

I'm not sure if there's any method in the framework that actually returns a GetMemberBinder, but it doesn't matter - that isn't the correct way to invoke a dynamic member by name.

What you actually need to do is create a call site. The method looks like this:

static object GetDynamicMember(object obj, string memberName)
{
    var binder = Binder.GetMember(CSharpBinderFlags.None, memberName, obj.GetType(),
        new[] { CSharpArgumentInfo.Create(CSharpArgumentInfoFlags.None, null) });
    var callsite = CallSite<Func<CallSite, object, object>>.Create(binder);
    return callsite.Target(callsite, obj);
}

Note that Binder.GetMember creates a CallSiteBinder, not a GetMemberBinder. Just to be 100% clear. This method will throw a RuntimeBinderException if the internal call to TryGetMember fails, so you do not need to check the result. If you don't want callers to see the RuntimeBinderException then wrap it in your own try/catch.

Dynamic dispatch is complex, at least relative to reflection on static types. Since the CLR is not actually dynamically typed, C# has to actually instantiate a compiler to figure out how to execute the member/method. That's creating a call site. As far as I know, you have to do this, which is why every Binder method returns a CallSiteBinder and you can't instantiate any of the binders directly.

Note that the DLR does some sort of call site caching, but I'm not sure if the automatic caching covers this scenario. There's a good chance you'll want to save your call site for future calls to avoid the overhead of constant recompilation.

P.S. If you are using (or can use) ExpandoObject instead of DynamicObject then keep in mind that it implements IDictionary<string, object>, so you don't need to do any of this. Just cast it to the dictionary type and check if the property exists. I would only ever use DynamicObject over ExpandoObject if I were doing something a lot more complicated than simply adding members at runtime, i.e. changing the actual behaviour based on the runtime binder.

Answer 2

You don't call TryGetMember directly, what you need is to use the dynamic api's directly to get the same effect by using a csharp member binder and a call site.

This is made even easier by open source framework Dynamitey (via nuget) as it has a static method that does this. It works for any IDynamicMetaObjectProvider not just DynamicObject and (it works for regular types faster than reflection too).

return Dynamic.InvokeGet(Source, FieldName);