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I'm currently using imaplib to fetch email messages from a server and process the contents and attachments.
I'd like to reply to the messages with a status/error message and links to the resulting generated content on my site if they can be processed. This should include the original message but should drop any attachments (which will be large) and preferably replace them with just their filenames/sizes.
Since I'm already walking the MIME message parts, I'm assuming what I need to do is build a new MIME message tree containing a copy of the original message and delete/replace the attachment nodes.
Before I start down that path, I was hoping someone can give me some tips. Is there any kind of library function to do this? Any kind of standard behavior I should stick to?
I currently know of/am using the imaplib, smtplib and email modules and but may have missed something obvious in there. This is running in Django too, so can use anything in django.core.email if that makes it easier.
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Python's client side library called imaplib is used for accessing emails over imap protocol. IMAP stands for Internet Mail Access Protocol. It was first proposed in 1986. Key Points: IMAP allows the client program to manipulate the e-mail message on the server without downloading them on the local computer.
imaplib is a built in package that comes with Python. You don't need to install anything separately. Even if you did, you'd more likely have to install a Python package with pip than a system package with yum . Simply import the package and start coding.
The original MIME tree structure of the incoming message is as follows (using email.iterators._structure(msg)):
multipart/mixed
text/html (message)
application/octet-stream (attachment 1)
application/octet-stream (attachment 2)
Replying via GMail results in the following structure:
multipart/alternative
text/plain
text/html
I.e. they aren't being as smart as I thought, just discarding the attachments (good) and providing text and HTML versions that explicitly restructure the "quoted content."
I'm beginning to think that's all I should do too, just reply with a simple message as after discarding the attachments there's not much point in keeping the original message.
Still, might as well answer my original question since I've figured out how to now anyway.
First, replace all the attachments in the original message with text/plain placeholders:
import email
original = email.message_from_string( ... )
for part in original.walk():
if (part.get('Content-Disposition')
and part.get('Content-Disposition').startswith("attachment")):
part.set_type("text/plain")
part.set_payload("Attachment removed: %s (%s, %d bytes)"
%(part.get_filename(),
part.get_content_type(),
len(part.get_payload(decode=True))))
del part["Content-Disposition"]
del part["Content-Transfer-Encoding"]
Then create a reply message:
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.message import MIMEMessage
new = MIMEMultipart("mixed")
body = MIMEMultipart("alternative")
body.attach( MIMEText("reply body text", "plain") )
body.attach( MIMEText("<html>reply body text</html>", "html") )
new.attach(body)
new["Message-ID"] = email.utils.make_msgid()
new["In-Reply-To"] = original["Message-ID"]
new["References"] = original["Message-ID"]
new["Subject"] = "Re: "+original["Subject"]
new["To"] = original["Reply-To"] or original["From"]
new["From"] = "[email protected]"
Then attach the original MIME message object and send:
new.attach( MIMEMessage(original) )
s = smtplib.SMTP()
s.sendmail("[email protected]", [new["To"]], new.as_string())
s.quit()
The resulting structure is:
multipart/mixed
multipart/alternative
text/plain
text/html
message/rfc822
multipart/mixed
text/html
text/plain
text/plain
Or it's a bit simpler using Django:
from django.core.mail import EmailMultiAlternatives
from email.mime.message import MIMEMessage
new = EmailMultiAlternatives("Re: "+original["Subject"],
"reply body text",
"[email protected]", # from
[original["Reply-To"] or original["From"]], # to
headers = {'Reply-To': "[email protected]",
"In-Reply-To": original["Message-ID"],
"References": original["Message-ID"]})
new.attach_alternative("<html>reply body text</html>", "text/html")
new.attach( MIMEMessage(original) ) # attach original message
new.send()
The result ends (in GMail at least) showing the original message as "---- Forwarded message ----" which isn't quite what I was after, but the general idea works and I hope this answer helps someone trying to figure out how to fiddle with MIME messages.
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