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When you copy a protected file to a folder on the same, or a different volume, it inherits the permissions of the target directory. However, when you move a protected file to a different location on the same volume, the file retains its access permission setting as though it is an explicit permission.
To modify the permission flags on existing files and directories, use the chmod command ("change mode"). It can be used for individual files or it can be run recursively with the -R option to change permissions for all of the subdirectories and files within a directory.
Chmod allows you to change the permission of multiple files and subdirectories within a directory using the –R option as follows: $ chmod –R [reference][operator][mode] file... Let's say the subdirectories under the downloads directory have the following permissions as shown in the following screenshot.
Type “sudo chmod a+rwx /path/to/file” into the terminal, replacing “/path/to/file” with the file you want to give permissions to everyone for, and press “Enter.” You can also use the command “sudo chmod -R a+rwx /path/to/folder” to give permissions to the selected folder and its files.
So that you don't mess up other permissions already on the file, use the flag +, such as via
sudo chmod -R o+rw /var/www
If you just want to change file permissions, you want to be careful about using -R on chmod since it will change anything, files or folders. If you are doing a relative change (like adding write permission for everyone), you can do this:
sudo chmod -R a+w /var/www
But if you want to use the literal permissions of read/write, you may want to select files versus folders:
sudo find /var/www -type f -exec chmod 666 {} \;
(Which, by the way, for security reasons, I wouldn't recommend either of these.)
Or for folders:
sudo find /var/www -type d -exec chmod 755 {} \;
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