How do I calculate the number of years difference between 2 dates?

Question

How do I calculate the number of years difference between 2 calendars in Java?

Answer 1

First you need to determine which one is older than the other. Then make use of a while loop wherein you test if the older one isn't after() the newer one. Invoke Calendar#add() with one (1) Calendar.YEAR on the older one to add the years. Keep a counter to count the years.

Kickoff example:

Calendar myBirthDate = Calendar.getInstance();
myBirthDate.clear();
myBirthDate.set(1978, 3 - 1, 26);
Calendar now = Calendar.getInstance();
Calendar clone = (Calendar) myBirthDate.clone(); // Otherwise changes are been reflected.
int years = -1;
while (!clone.after(now)) {
    clone.add(Calendar.YEAR, 1);
    years++;
}
System.out.println(years); // 32

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That said, the Date and Calendar API's in Java SE are actually epic failures. There's a new Date API in planning for upcoming Java 8, the JSR-310 which is much similar to Joda-Time. As far now you may want to consider Joda-Time since it really eases Date/Time calculations/modifications like this. Here's an example using Joda-Time:

DateTime myBirthDate = new DateTime(1978, 3, 26, 0, 0, 0, 0);
DateTime now = new DateTime();
Period period = new Period(myBirthDate, now);
int years = period.getYears();
System.out.println(years); // 32

Much more clear and concise, isn't it?

Answer 2

Calendar dobDate; // Set this to date to check
Calendar today = Calendar.getInstance();
int curYear = today.get(Calendar.YEAR);
int curMonth = today.get(Calendar.MONTH);
int curDay = today.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH);

int year = dobDate.get(Calendar.YEAR);
int month = dobDate.get(Calendar.MONTH);
int day = dobDate.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH);

int age = curYear - year;
if (curMonth < month || (month == curMonth && curDay < day)) {
    age--;
}

This avoids looping and should be accurate to the day.