How can I start android application on device boot?

Question

I have need to start android foreground service, and launch activity from that service on device boot. I have extensively searched web and stackoverflow and tried different suggestions but it is very strange that I can not make this functionality work.

I can not understand what I am doing wrong.

Below is the code from my project and the content of manifest file.

what I am doing wrong and how to solve it, the functionality to work on most android devices?

This is my AndroidManifest.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="kor.location.tracker">


    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" ></uses-permission>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.FOREGROUND_SERVICE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_BOOT_COMPLETED" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION"/>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION"/>


    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme">

        <receiver android:name="kor.location.tracker.AutoStart">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.BOOT_COMPLETED" />
            </intent-filter>
        </receiver>


        <activity
            android:name=".MainActivity"
            android:label="@string/app_name"
            android:theme="@style/AppTheme.NoActionBar">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>


        <service android:enabled="true"
            android:name="kor.location.tracker.WorkerService"
            android:exported="true"
            android:permission="android.permission.BIND_JOB_SERVICE"
            />

    </application>

</manifest>

This is my Austostart.java:

package kor.location.tracker;


import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Build;
import android.util.Log;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class AutoStart  extends BroadcastReceiver
    {
        @Override
        public void onReceive(Context context, Intent arg1)
        {

            try {
                System.out.println("test1");
                if (Intent.ACTION_BOOT_COMPLETED.equals(arg1.getAction())) {
                    System.out.println("test2");
                    WorkerService.enqueueWork(context, new Intent());
                    System.out.println("test3");
                }

            }catch(Exception ex) {

                Toast.makeText(context, ex.getMessage(), Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
            }
            /*
            Intent intent = new Intent(context, WorkerService.class);
            if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {
                context.startForegroundService(intent);
            } else {
                context.startService(intent);
            }
            Log.i("Autostart", "started");

             */
        }
    }

This is my service class WorkerService.java:

package kor.location.tracker;

import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.location.Location;
import android.location.LocationListener;
import android.location.LocationManager;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.util.Log;
import android.widget.Toast;

import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.core.app.JobIntentService;

public class WorkerService  extends JobIntentService
{

    public static void enqueueWork(Context context, Intent work) {
        enqueueWork(context, WorkerService.class, 104501, work);
    }
/*
    private static final String TAG = "MyService";
    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        return null;
    }
    public void onDestroy() {
        Toast.makeText(this, "My Service Stopped", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
        Log.d(TAG, "onDestroy");
    }
*/
    @Override
    protected void onHandleWork(@NonNull Intent intent) {
        Intent intents = new Intent(getBaseContext(),MainActivity.class);
        intents.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
        startActivity(intents);
        //Toast.makeText(this, "My Service Started", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
        //Log.d(TAG, "onStart");
    }
/*
    @Override
    public void onStart(Intent intent, int startid)
    {
        final LocationListener mLocationListener = new LocationListener() {
            @Override
            public void onLocationChanged(final Location location) {
                //your code here
                String kuku = location.getLatitude() + "=" + location.getLongitude();
                Toast.makeText(WorkerService.this, kuku, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
                Log.d(TAG, kuku);

                ;
                ;
                location.getAltitude();
                location.getSpeed();
            }

            @Override
            public void onStatusChanged(String provider, int status, Bundle extras) {

            }

            @Override
            public void onProviderEnabled(String provider) {

            }

            @Override
            public void onProviderDisabled(String provider) {

            }
        };

        LocationManager mLocationManager = (LocationManager) getSystemService(LOCATION_SERVICE);


        try {

            mLocationManager.requestLocationUpdates(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER, 60000,
                    1, mLocationListener);

        }catch (SecurityException ex){

            Toast.makeText(this, ex.getMessage(), Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
            Log.d(TAG, ex.getMessage());
        }


        Intent intents = new Intent(getBaseContext(),MainActivity.class);
        intents.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
        startActivity(intents);
        Toast.makeText(this, "My Service Started", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
        Log.d(TAG, "onStart");
    }
    */
}

And this is my activity that is not getting launched:

package kor.location.tracker;

import android.Manifest;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.nfc.Tag;
import android.os.Bundle;

import com.google.android.material.floatingactionbutton.FloatingActionButton;
import com.google.android.material.snackbar.Snackbar;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import androidx.appcompat.widget.Toolbar;
import androidx.core.app.ActivityCompat;

import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.widget.Toast;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        Toolbar toolbar = findViewById(R.id.toolbar);
        setSupportActionBar(toolbar);

        FloatingActionButton fab = findViewById(R.id.fab);
        fab.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                Snackbar.make(view, "Replace with your own action", Snackbar.LENGTH_LONG)
                        .setAction("Action", null).show();
            }
        });

        Toast.makeText(getBaseContext(), "Hello........", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();


        List<String> permissions = new ArrayList<String>();

        if(getApplicationContext().checkCallingOrSelfPermission(Manifest.permission.INTERNET) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){
            permissions.add(Manifest.permission.INTERNET);
        }

        if(getApplicationContext().checkCallingOrSelfPermission(Manifest.permission.RECEIVE_BOOT_COMPLETED) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){
            permissions.add(Manifest.permission.RECEIVE_BOOT_COMPLETED);
        }

        if(getApplicationContext().checkCallingOrSelfPermission(Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){
            permissions.add(Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION);
        }

        if(getApplicationContext().checkCallingOrSelfPermission(Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){
            permissions.add(Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION);
        }

        if(getApplicationContext().checkCallingOrSelfPermission(Manifest.permission.FOREGROUND_SERVICE) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){
            permissions.add(Manifest.permission.FOREGROUND_SERVICE);
        }

        if(permissions.size()>0) {

            String[] arr = new String[permissions.size()];
            permissions.toArray(arr);
            //System.out.println();
            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, arr, 1);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
        // Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
        getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.menu_main, menu);
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
        // Handle action bar item clicks here. The action bar will
        // automatically handle clicks on the Home/Up button, so long
        // as you specify a parent activity in AndroidManifest.xml.
        int id = item.getItemId();

        //noinspection SimplifiableIfStatement
        if (id == R.id.action_settings) {
            return true;
        }

        return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
    }
}

Answer 1

1- For Problem Starting Activity From Background

in API29 Android restricted, starting an activity from the background. The foreground service is also considered a background process. Your activity can be affected by this restriction if you test it in Android 10.

Android Q Restrictions: https://developer.android.com/guide/components/activities/background-starts

Possible solution: https://stackoverflow.com/a/59421118/11982611

2- Some brands limits applications to start in the boot to boost start up time of the device. So applications need exclusive permission to start in the boot.

Possible Solution (Programmatically) : https://stackoverflow.com/a/49167712/11982611

For Xiaomi, enabling Autostart from settings https://dontkillmyapp.com/xiaomi

Answer 2

After I added the boot permissions in manifest file (see code below), BroadcastReceiver started to get boot completed event and the service is starting successfully. For the solution to work (as suggested by @Eren Tüfekçi) I had to enable auto start permission in phone settings for my application. If anyone has a solution, how to enable it programmatically, please let us know. Thank you.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="kor.location.tracker">


    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" ></uses-permission>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.FOREGROUND_SERVICE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_BOOT_COMPLETED" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION"/>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION"/>


    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme">

        <receiver android:name="kor.location.tracker.AutoStart"
            android:enabled="true"
            android:exported="true">
            <intent-filter android:directBootAware="true">
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.BOOT_COMPLETED" />
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.LOCKED_BOOT_COMPLETED" />
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.QUICKBOOT_POWERON" />
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.REBOOT"/>
            </intent-filter>
        </receiver>


        <activity
            android:name=".MainActivity"
            android:label="@string/app_name"
            android:theme="@style/AppTheme.NoActionBar">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>


        <service android:enabled="true"
            android:name="kor.location.tracker.WorkerService"
            android:exported="true"
            android:permission="android.permission.BIND_JOB_SERVICE"
            />

    </application>

</manifest>