How can I get all @Entity classes from a Persistence Unit?

Question

Problem

I'm writing a standalone utility program which, given a jar containing a JPA-2 annotated persistence unit, needs to programmatically get a list of all my @Entity classes in a particular persistence unit.

I'd like to decide which of 2 approaches would be the way to go to get this information, and why; or if there is another better way I haven't thought of.

Solution 1

Java program puts jar on the classpath, creates persistence unit from the classes in the jar using JavaSE methodologies. Then it uses the javax.persistence classes to get the JPA Metamodel, pull back list of class tokens from that.

EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("MY_ PERSISTENCE_UNIT");
Metamodel mm = emf.getMetamodel();

// loop these, using getJavaType() from Type sub-interface to get 
// Class tokens for managed classes.
mm.getManagedTypes();

Solution 2

Program scan the directories and files inside the specified jar for persistence.xml files, then finds one with the specified persistence unit name. Then XPath the file to get the list of <class> XML elements and read the fully qualified class names from there. From names, build class tokens.

Constraints/Concerns

• I'd like to go with approach 1 if possible.
• This utility will NOT run inside a container, but the jar is an EJB project designed to run inside one. How will this be a problem?
• The utility will have Open-EJB available on the classpath to get implementations of all the Java EE 6 classes.
• Even though the EJB project is built to run on Hibernate, the utility should not be Hibernate-specific.
• Are there any stumbling blocks?

Answer 1

In case anyone's interested, Solution 1 worked. Here's essentially what I had to do:

public MySQLSchemaGenerator() throws ClassNotFoundException {
    Properties mySQLDialectProps = new Properties();
    mySQLDialectProps.setProperty("javax.persistence.transactionType", "RESOURCE_LOCAL");
    mySQLDialectProps.setProperty("javax.persistence.jtaDataSource", "");

    final EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("<persistence_unit_name>", mySQLDialectProps);
    final Metamodel mm = emf.getMetamodel();
    for (final ManagedType<?> managedType : mm.getManagedTypes()) {
      managedType.getJavaType(); // this returns the java class of the @Entity object
    }
  }

The key was to override my transaction type and blank out the jtaDataSource which had been defined in my persistence.xml. Turns out everything else was unnecessary.

Answer 2

If Your jar is well-formed (persistence.xml at the right place - in the META-INF folder), then all looks fine.

It is not necessary to run your utility inside a container, JPA is not a part of JavaEE specs.