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How are negative number represented in 32-bit signed integer? Is it two's or one's complement? or the last bit on the left is like a flag? For example: (-10)
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The representation of a signed binary number is commonly referred to as the sign-magnitude notation and if the sign bit is “0”, the number is positive. If the sign bit is “1”, then the number is negative.
An int is signed by default, meaning it can represent both positive and negative values.
A signed integer is a 32-bit datum that encodes an integer in the range [-2147483648 to 2147483647]. An unsigned integer is a 32-bit datum that encodes a nonnegative integer in the range [0 to 4294967295]. The signed integer is represented in twos complement notation.
In mathematics, negative numbers in any base are represented by prefixing them with a minus sign ("−"). However, in RAM or CPU registers, numbers are represented only as sequences of bits, without extra symbols.
Most computers these days use two's complement for signed integers, but it can vary by hardware architecture, programming language, or other platform-specific issues.
For a two's-complement representation, the most-significant ("leftmost") bit is referred to as the sign bit, and it will be set for a negative integer and clear for a non-negative integer. However, it is more than just a "flag". See the Wikipedia article for more information.
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