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why can't you use an original and a cloned sim card at the same time? How does the provider detects that both are trying to connect to the network? I have been reading about the authentication process but I am still a little confused and I need more specific reasons as to why this happens.
Thank you
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Though the techniques are different, the end result of SIM swapping and SIM cloning is the same: a compromised mobile device. Once this happens, the victim's device can no longer make calls or send and receive text messages.
Yes, it is possible, although not recommended, because there is no guarantee that the two mobiles will work properly with a cloned SIM. They may not be able to register both on the network, randomly receive calls, and the mobile data service may not work.
If you're wondering how to get two SIM cards with the same number, the only way to do that is to copy your SIM card. However, most of the new SIM cards have anti-cloning features that would render them inoperable if cloned. Luckily, there are plenty of alternatives available if you don't want to use a different number.
The second way your SIM card and your data can be compromised is SIM cloning. In this hack, someone can get access to your physical SIM and create a duplicate SIM using the smart card copying software.
Short answer - no. Currently there is no mechanism that would allow someone to clone your SIM card without having physical access to it.
Mobile network operators run a subscriber database, the HLR.
Every SIM has a unique identity, the IMSI. The HLR associates an IMSI with a subscriber by storing IMSI and subscriber data together.
When switching on a mobile phone, and afterwards in regular intervals, the phone registers its SIM with the network (a "location update" in telco speech). During the register procedure, the mobile network performs authentication and authorization against the HLR and marks the IMSI as being active. The authorization will fail if an IMSI is already marked as active. If the authorization failed, the network won't allow the mobile to access its services.
This has been built on purpose into the network architecture:
since the network can deliver a call to one device only. There is no default functionality to have several devices ringing for calling a single number. (This is possible, but requires additional systems.)
to prevent hostile take-over of numbers (delivering a call to a party it is not intended for).
to prevent fraud, e.g. by not being a paying subscriber at all or, in your case, by using two devices on one contract.
Some network operators offer special products to overcome this on-purpose limitation. For example you may get an additional SIM, coded to your telephone number, which disables your first SIM when switched on. This is useful if you have a phone installed in your car requiring a separate SIM. In this case, there is logic in the HLR which supports switching SIMs.
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