I've struggled to get this Jinja2 custom extension to work -- the docs weren't kidding when they said writing one was not for "civilians" -- and finally managed to arrive at this working code:
class WrapperExtension(Extension):
    tags = set(['wrap'])
    def parse(self, parser):
        lineno = parser.stream.next().lineno
        args = [parser.parse_expression()]
        args.append(nodes.Const(args[0].name))
        return nodes.CallBlock(
            self.call_method('_render', args),
            [], [], []).set_lineno(lineno)
    def _render(self, value, name, *args, **kwargs):
        if some_condition():
            return '<wrapper id="%s">%s</wrapper>' % (name, value)
        return value
As I said, this is now working. What I'm unsure about is why I need to return nodes.CallBlock in parse(), rather than self.call_method() (which returns a nodes.Call object). If anyone has any insight -- or can point me to a tutorial on writing extensions -- please do let me know.
The reason is that parse() is expected to return a statement node, such as CallBlock or Assign. call_method() returns an expression node, which you must wrap in CallBlock to have a statement.
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