Git branching: master vs. origin/master vs. remotes/origin/master

Question

I think I'm on the right track to understand the basic concepts of git.

I've already set up and cloned a remote repository. I also created a server side empty repository, and linked my local repository to it.

My problem is that I don't understand the difference between:

• origin/master vs. remotes/origin/master

As far as I have understood, master is a local branch, and remotes/origin/master is a remote one.

But what exactly is origin/master?

Answer 1

Take a clone of a remote repository and run git branch -a (to show all the branches git knows about). It will probably look something like this:

* master   remotes/origin/HEAD -> origin/master   remotes/origin/master 

Here, master is a branch in the local repository. remotes/origin/master is a branch named master on the remote named origin. You can refer to this as either origin/master, as in:

git diff origin/master..master 

You can also refer to it as remotes/origin/master:

git diff remotes/origin/master..master 

These are just two different ways of referring to the same thing (incidentally, both of these commands mean "show me the changes between the remote master branch and my master branch).

remotes/origin/HEAD is the default branch for the remote named origin. This lets you simply say origin instead of origin/master.