ggplot2 add separate legend each for two Y axes in facet plot

Question

I am trying to add legends next to axis titles. I followed this stackoverflow answer to get the plot.

How to add legend on two y axes?. I would like to have legend on both left and right Y-axes. In the plot below, the right y-axis lacks legend symbols.

Also is it possible to give unique color for text similar to symbols in legend.

At the same time, how to rotate legend key symbols to vertical position?

The code I have so far:

## install ggplot2 as follows:
# install.packages("devtools")
# devtools::install_github("hadley/ggplot2")

packageVersion('ggplot2')
# [1] ‘2.2.0.9000’

packageVersion('data.table')
# [1] ‘1.9.7’

# libraries
library(ggplot2)
library(data.table)

# data
df1 <- structure(list(plate_num = c(1L, 2L, 3L, 4L, 5L, 6L, 7L, 8L, 9L, 10L, 11L, 12L, 13L,
                                    1L, 2L, 3L, 4L, 5L, 6L, 7L, 8L, 9L, 10L, 11L, 12L, 13L), 
                      `Before Treatment` = c(662.253098499674, 684.416067929458, 688.284595300261, 
                                             692.532637075718, 728.988910632746, 684.708496732026, 
                                             703.390706806283, 673.920966688439, 644.945573770492, 504.423076923077, 
                                             580.263743455497, 580.563767168084, 689.6014445174, 804.740789473684, 
                                             815.792020928712, 789.234139960759, 778.087753765553, 745.777922926192, 
                                             787.762434554974, 780.828758169935, 781.265839320705, 732.683552631579, 
                                             773.964052287582, 713.941253263708, 724.459070072037, 838.899148657498),
                      `After Treatment` = c(440.251141552511, 431.039190071848, 460.349216710183, 479.798955613577, 
                                            441.123939986954, 436.17908496732, 453.938481675393, 437.237753102547,
                                            448.52, 426.70925684485, 390.417539267016, 359.66121648136, 451.969796454366, 
                                            515.611842105263, 542.325703073904, 547.637671680837, 518.316306483301, 478.536903984324, 
                                            501.122382198953, 494.475816993464, 474.581319399086, 438.515789473684, 
                                            440.251633986928, 407.945822454308, 413.571054354944, 537.290111329404),
                      Ratio = c(1.50426208132996, 1.58782793698034, 1.49513580194398, 1.443380876455, 1.6525716347526, 
                                1.56978754903694, 1.54952870311901, 1.54131467812749, 1.43794161636157, 1.18212358609901, 1.48626453756382, 
                                                 1.61419619509676, 1.5257688675819, 1.5607492376201, 1.50424738548219, 
                                                 1.44116115594897, 1.50118324280547, 1.55845435684647, 1.57199610821259, 
                                                 1.57910403569899, 1.64622122149676, 1.67082593197148, 1.75800381540563, 
                                                 1.75008840381905, 1.75171608951693, 1.56135229547), 
                      grp = c("wt-3X", "wt-3X", "wt-3X", "wt-3X", "wt-3X", "wt-3X", "wt-3X", "wt-3X", "wt-3X", "wt-3X",
                              "wt-3X", "wt-3X", "wt-3X", "mu-3X", "mu-3X", "mu-3X", "mu-3X", "mu-3X", "mu-3X", "mu-3X", 
                              "mu-3X", "mu-3X", "mu-3X", "mu-3X", "mu-3X", "mu-3X")),
                 .Names = c("plate_num", "Before Treatment", "After Treatment", "Ratio", "grp"),
                 row.names = c(NA, -26L), class = "data.frame")


max1 <- max(c(df1$`Before Treatment`, df1$`After Treatment`))
max2 <- max(df1$Ratio)
df1$norm_ratio <- df1$Ratio / (max2/max1)
df1 <- melt(df1, id = c("plate_num", 'grp'))
df1$plate_num <- factor(df1$plate_num, levels = 1:13, ordered = TRUE)

# plot
p <- ggplot(mapping = aes(x = plate_num, y = value, group = variable)) +
  geom_line(data = subset(df1, variable %in% c('Before Treatment', 'After Treatment')), aes(color = variable), size = 1, show.legend = TRUE) +
  geom_point(data = subset(df1, variable %in% c('Before Treatment', 'After Treatment')), aes(color = variable), size = 2, show.legend = TRUE) +
  scale_color_manual(values = c('green', 'blue'), guide = 'legend') + 
  geom_line(data = subset(df1, variable %in% c('norm_ratio')), aes(color = variable), col = 'red', size = 1) +
  geom_point(data = subset(df1, variable %in% c('norm_ratio')), aes(color = variable), col = 'red', size = 2) +
  facet_wrap(~ grp) +
  scale_y_continuous(sec.axis = sec_axis(trans = ~ . * (max2 / max1),
                                         name = 'Ratio of Main Effect of Before and After Treatment\n')) +

  theme_bw() + 
  theme(axis.text.x = element_text(size=15, face="bold", angle = 0, vjust = 1), 
        axis.title.x = element_text(size=15, face="bold"),
        axis.text.y = element_text(size=15, face="bold", color = 'black'),
        axis.text.y.right = element_text(size=15, face="bold", color = 'red'),
        axis.title.y.right = element_text(size=15, face="bold", color = 'red'),
        axis.title.y = element_text(size=15, face="bold"),
        axis.ticks.length=unit(0.5,"cm"),
        legend.position = c(-0.28, 0.4),
        legend.direction = 'vertical',
        legend.text = element_text(size = 15, angle = 90),
        legend.key = element_rect(color = NA, fill = NA),
        legend.key.width=unit(2,"line"),
        legend.key.height=unit(2,"line"),
        legend.title = element_blank(),
        panel.grid.major = element_blank(), 
        panel.grid.minor = element_blank(),
        strip.text.x = element_text(size=15, face="bold", color = "black", angle = 0),
        plot.margin = unit(c(1,4,1,3), "cm")) +
  ylab('Main Effect of TDP43\n\n\n') + 
  xlab('\nPlate Number')

print(p)

Answer 1

In order to make this a bit shorter I cut down your theme definitions.

---

I make use of the fact that you can extract single grobs from your ggplot elements. In this case we extract 3 legends.

For the desired result we need to create 4 plots:

1. Plot p: a plot without legends
2. Plot l1: a plot for the green legend
3. Plot l2: a plot for the blue legend
4. Plot l3: a plot for the red legend

We make use of the function get_legend() which is part of the package cowplot. It lets you extract the legend of a plot.

After we extracted both legends for the left side we use arrangeGrob to combine them and name that combined legend llegend. After we extracted the red legend, we us grid.arrange to plot all three objects (llegend, p and rlegend).

Concerning the orientation of the legend keys you should notice that we print the legends on top of the corresponding plots. That way we can use editGrob to rotate the (combined) legends after extracting them and the legend keys have the correct orientation.

This is all the code:

library(ggplot2)
library(gridExtra)
library(grid)
library(cowplot)

# actual plot without legends
p <- ggplot(mapping = aes(x = plate_num, y = value, group = variable)) +
  geom_line(data = subset(df1, variable %in% c('Before Treatment', 'After Treatment')), aes(color = variable), size = 1, show.legend = F) +
  geom_point(data = subset(df1, variable %in% c('Before Treatment', 'After Treatment')), aes(color = variable), size = 2, show.legend = F) +

  geom_line(data = subset(df1, variable %in% c('norm_ratio')), aes(color = 'Test'), col = 'red', size = 1) +
  geom_point(data = subset(df1, variable %in% c('norm_ratio')), aes(color = 'Test'), col = 'red', size = 2) +
  facet_wrap(~ grp) +
  scale_y_continuous(sec.axis = sec_axis(trans = ~ . * (max2 / max1),
                                         name = 'Ratio of Main Effect of Before and After Treatment\n')) +
  scale_color_manual(values = c('green', 'blue'), guide = 'legend') +
  theme_bw() + 
  theme(axis.text.x = element_text(size=11, face="bold", angle = 0, vjust = 1), 
        axis.title.x = element_text(size=11, face="bold"),
        axis.text.y = element_text(size=11, face="bold", color = 'black'),
        axis.text.y.right = element_text(size=11, face="bold", color = 'red'),
        axis.title.y.right = element_text(size=11, face="bold", color = 'red', margin=margin(0,0,0,0)),
        axis.title.y = element_text(size=11, face="bold", margin=margin(0,-30,0,0)),
        panel.grid.minor = element_blank(),
        strip.text.x = element_text(size=15, face="bold", color = "black", angle = 0),
        plot.margin = unit(c(1,1,1,1), "cm")) +
  ylab('Main Effect of TDP43\n\n\n') + 
  xlab('\nPlate Number')

# Create legend on the left 
l1 <- ggplot(mapping = aes(x = plate_num, y = value, group = variable)) +
  geom_line(data = subset(df1, variable %in% c('Before Treatment')), aes(color = variable), size = 1, show.legend = TRUE) +
  geom_point(data = subset(df1, variable %in% c('Before Treatment')), aes(color = variable), size = 2, show.legend = TRUE) +
  scale_color_manual(values = 'green', guide = 'legend') +
  theme(legend.direction = 'horizontal', 
        legend.text = element_text(angle = 0, colour = c('green', 'blue')),
        legend.position = 'top',
        legend.title = element_blank(),
        legend.margin = margin(0, 0, 0, 0, 'cm'),
        legend.box.margin = unit(c(0, 0 , -2.5 ,0), 'cm'))

l2 <- ggplot(mapping = aes(x = plate_num, y = value, group = variable)) +
  geom_line(data = subset(df1, variable %in% c('After Treatment')), aes(color = variable), size = 1, show.legend = TRUE) +
  geom_point(data = subset(df1, variable %in% c('After Treatment')), aes(color = variable), size = 2, show.legend = TRUE) +
  scale_color_manual(values = 'blue', guide = 'legend') +
  theme(legend.direction = 'horizontal', 
        legend.text = element_text(angle = 0, colour = c('blue')),
        legend.position = 'top',
        legend.title = element_blank(),
        legend.margin = margin(0, 0, 0, 0, 'cm'),
        legend.box.margin = unit(c(0, 0 , -2.5 ,0), 'cm'))

legend1 <- get_legend(l1)
legend2 <- get_legend(l2)

# Combine green and blue legend
llegend <- editGrob(arrangeGrob(grobs = list(legend1, legend2), 
                       nrow = 1, ncol = 2), vp = viewport(angle = 90))

# Plot with legend on the right
l3 <- ggplot(mapping = aes(x = plate_num, y = value, group = variable)) +
   geom_line(data = subset(df1, variable %in% c('norm_ratio')), aes(color = variable), size = 1) +
  geom_point(data = subset(df1, variable %in% c('norm_ratio')), aes(color = variable), size = 2) +
  scale_color_manual(values = 'red', guide = 'legend') +
  theme(legend.direction = 'horizontal', 
        legend.text = element_text(angle = 0, colour = 'red'),
        legend.position = 'top',
        legend.title = element_blank(),
        legend.margin = margin(0, 0, 0, 0, 'cm'),
        legend.box.margin = unit(c(0, 0, -3, 0), 'cm'))

# extract legend
rlegend <- editGrob(get_legend(l3), vp = viewport(angle = 270))

grid.arrange(grobs = list(llegend, p, rlegend), ncol = 3, 
             widths = unit(c(3, 16, 3), "cm"))