Can someone here maybe take a look at the code and tell me what's wrong with it? I essentially try to build a couple of generic functions that operate on certain raw types like Int
, Float
, Double
etc.
Unfortunately I can't get it working properly. This is the code that works (partially):
// http://stackoverflow.com/a/24047239/2282430
protocol SummableMultipliable: Equatable {
func +(lhs: Self, rhs: Self) -> Self
func *(lhs: Self, rhs: Self) -> Self
}
extension Double: SummableMultipliable {}
func vec_dot<T where T: SummableMultipliable>(a : [T], b: [T]) -> Double {
assert(a.count == b.count, "vectors must be of same length")
var s : Double = 0.0
for var i = 0; i < a.count; ++i {
let x = (a[i] * b[i]) as Double
s = s + x
}
return s
}
Now when I write:
var doubleVec : [Double] = [1,2,3,4]
vec_dot(doubleVec, doubleVec)
It returns the correct result of 30
. Ok, so far so good. Things get weird when I try to pass an array of Int
s:
extension Int : SummableMultipliable {}
var intVec : [Int] = [1,2,3,4]
vec_dot(intVec, intVec)
Bam! Exception thrown at:
let x = (a[1] * b[1]) as Double
* thread #1: tid = 0x139dd0, 0x00000001018527ad libswiftCore.dylib`swift_dynamicCast + 1229, queue = 'com.apple.main-thread', stop reason = EXC_BREAKPOINT (code=EXC_I386_BPT, subcode=0x0)
* frame #0: 0x00000001018527ad libswiftCore.dylib`swift_dynamicCast + 1229
frame #1: 0x000000010d6c3a09 $__lldb_expr248`__lldb_expr_248.vec_dot <A : __lldb_expr_248.SummableMultipliable>(a=Swift.Array<T> at 0x00007fff5e5a9648, b=Swift.Array<T> at 0x00007fff5e5a9640) -> Swift.Double + 921 at playground248.swift:54
frame #2: 0x000000010d6c15b0 $__lldb_expr248`top_level_code + 1456 at playground248.swift:64
frame #3: 0x000000010d6c4561 $__lldb_expr248`main + 49 at <EXPR>:0
frame #4: 0x000000010165b390 FirstTestPlayground`get_field_types__XCPAppDelegate + 160
frame #5: 0x000000010165bea1 FirstTestPlayground`reabstraction thunk helper from @callee_owned () -> (@unowned ()) to @callee_owned (@in ()) -> (@out ()) + 17
frame #6: 0x000000010165ab61 FirstTestPlayground`partial apply forwarder for reabstraction thunk helper from @callee_owned () -> (@unowned ()) to @callee_owned (@in ()) -> (@out ()) + 81
frame #7: 0x000000010165bed0 FirstTestPlayground`reabstraction thunk helper from @callee_owned (@in ()) -> (@out ()) to @callee_owned () -> (@unowned ()) + 32
frame #8: 0x000000010165bf07 FirstTestPlayground`reabstraction thunk helper from @callee_owned () -> (@unowned ()) to @callee_unowned @objc_block () -> (@unowned ()) + 39
frame #9: 0x0000000101fedaac CoreFoundation`__CFRUNLOOP_IS_CALLING_OUT_TO_A_BLOCK__ + 12
frame #10: 0x0000000101fe37f5 CoreFoundation`__CFRunLoopDoBlocks + 341
frame #11: 0x0000000101fe2fb3 CoreFoundation`__CFRunLoopRun + 851
frame #12: 0x0000000101fe29f6 CoreFoundation`CFRunLoopRunSpecific + 470
frame #13: 0x000000010208f2b1 CoreFoundation`CFRunLoopRun + 97
frame #14: 0x0000000101658be8 FirstTestPlayground`top_level_code + 3784
frame #15: 0x000000010165b3ba FirstTestPlayground`main + 42
frame #16: 0x0000000103cd9145 libdyld.dylib`start + 1
I tried to perform a different casting:
let x = Double(a[i] * b[1])
Error: Could not find an overload for 'init' that accepts the supplied arguments.
let y = a[i] * b[1]
let x = Double(y)
Error: Cannot invoke 'init' with an argument of type 'T'.
Next, I tried:
let y = Double(a[i]) * Double(b[1])
let x = y
Error: Cannot invoke '*' with an argument list of type '(Double, Double').
I tried out many more things. As soon as I try to pass Int
as a generic type, nothing works anymore.
Maybe I'm just missing something fundamental here or I am just too dumb to understand generic programming. In C++, I'd be done in 2 seconds.
When called with an Int
array, a[i] * b[i]
is an Int
and cannot be cast
to Double
with as
.
To solve that problem, you can change your vec_dot
function to return a T
object instead of a Double
.
To make the initialization var s : T = 0
work, you have to make SummableMultipliable
derive from IntegerLiteralConvertible
(to which Int
and Double
already conform):
protocol SummableMultipliable: Equatable, IntegerLiteralConvertible {
func +(lhs: Self, rhs: Self) -> Self
func *(lhs: Self, rhs: Self) -> Self
}
func vec_dot<T where T: SummableMultipliable>(a : [T], b: [T]) -> T {
assert(a.count == b.count, "vectors must be of same length")
var s : T = 0
for var i = 0; i < a.count; ++i {
let x = (a[i] * b[i])
s = s + x
}
return s
}
Example:
var doubleVec : [Double] = [1,2,3,4]
let x = vec_dot(doubleVec, doubleVec)
println(x) // 30.0 (Double)
var intVec : [Int] = [1,2,3,4]
let y = vec_dot(intVec, intVec)
println(y) // 30 (Int)
Alternatively, if the vector product should always produce a Double
, you can
add a doubleValue()
method to the SummableMultipliable
protocol:
protocol SummableMultipliable: Equatable {
func +(lhs: Self, rhs: Self) -> Self
func *(lhs: Self, rhs: Self) -> Self
func doubleValue() -> Double
}
extension Double: SummableMultipliable {
func doubleValue() -> Double { return self }
}
extension Int : SummableMultipliable {
func doubleValue() -> Double { return Double(self) }
}
func vec_dot<T where T: SummableMultipliable>(a : [T], b: [T]) -> Double {
assert(a.count == b.count, "vectors must be of same length")
var s : Double = 0
for var i = 0; i < a.count; ++i {
let x = (a[i] * b[i]).doubleValue()
s = s + x
}
return s
}
Remark: As @akashivskyy correctly said, the loop should be written more swiftly as
for i in 0 ..< a.count { ... }
If you want to get fancy and impress or puzzle your co-workers then you can replace the entire loop with a single expression:
let s : T = reduce(Zip2(a, b), 0) { $0 + $1.0 * $1.1 }
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