Generic parent of generic child C#

Question

I've got a parent class Container that may contain any kind of Node, where Node is a subclass of a generic class specific to the parent, like so:

public class ContainerBase<NodeType, ObjectType>
    where NodeType : NodeBase<ObjectType> where ObjectType : ObjectBase {
}

public abstract class NodeBase<T> where T : ObjectBase {
    ContainerBase<NodeBase<T>, T> container;
    public NodeBase(ContainerBase<NodeBase<T>, T> owner) {
        container = owner;
    }
}

What I want to do is create concrete subclasses for simplicity that implement standard object types:

public class ContainerNormal : ContainerBase<NodeNormal, ObjectNormal> {
}

public class NodeNormal : NodeBase<ObjectNormal> {
    //This doesn't work
    public NodeNormal(ContainerNormal owner) : base(owner) { }
}

I somewhat understand why the call to the base constructor doesn't work. It's trying to convert a ContainerNormal to a ContainerBase<NodeBase<ObjectNormal>, ObjectNormal> which doesn't really work.

So what design pattern am I missing to make this work right? Or do I just have to take in a ContainerBase<NodeBase<ObjectNormal>,ObjectNormal> in the constructor, even though it may not necessarily be a ContainerNormal object?

Answer 1

Explore: Covariance and contravariance, but this should work:

public class Container<TNode, T> where TNode : Node<T> { }

public abstract class Node<T>
{
    Container<Node<T>, T> container;

    public Node(Container<Node<T>, T> owner)
    {
        this.container = owner;
    }
}

public class ContainerNormal<T> : Container<Node<T>, T> { }

public class NodeNormal<T> : Node<T>
{
    public NodeNormal(ContainerNormal<T> container)
        : base(container)
    {
    }
}

public class ContainerNormal : ContainerNormal<string> { }

public class NodeNormal : NodeNormal<string>
{
    public NodeNormal(ContainerNormal container)
        : base(container)
    {
    }
}