Generating a canonical path

Question

Does any one know of any Java libraries I could use to generate canonical paths (basically remove back-references).

I need something that will do the following:

Raw Path -> Canonical Path

/../foo/       -> /foo /foo/          -> /foo /../../../     -> / /./foo/./      -> /foo //foo//bar     -> /foo/bar //foo/../bar   -> /bar 

etc...

At the moment I lazily rely on using:

 new File("/", path).getCanonicalPath(); 

But this resolves the path against the actual file system, and is synchronised.

   java.lang.Thread.State: BLOCKED (on object monitor)         at java.io.ExpiringCache.get(ExpiringCache.java:55)         - waiting to lock <0x93a0d180> (a java.io.ExpiringCache)         at java.io.UnixFileSystem.canonicalize(UnixFileSystem.java:137)         at java.io.File.getCanonicalPath(File.java:559) 

The paths that I am canonicalising do not exist on my file system, so just the logic of the method will do me fine, thus not requiring any synchronisation. I'm hoping for a well tested library rather than having to write my own.

Answer 1

I think you can use the URI class to do this; e.g. if the path contains no characters that need escaping in a URI path component, you can do this.

String normalized = new URI(path).normalize().getPath(); 

If the path contains (or might contain) characters that need escaping, the multi-argument constructors will escape the path argument, and you can provide null for the other arguments.

Notes:

1. The above normalizes a file path by treating it as a relative URI. If you want to normalize an entire URI ... including the (optional) scheme, authority, and other components, don't call getPath()!

2. URI normalization does not involve looking at the file system as File canonicalization does. But the flip side is that normalization behaves differently to canonicalization when there are symbolic links in the path.