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If s[s.size()]=='\0', then it is convenient to treat it as a sentinel for some algorithm. I did a test and it's always equal to '\0', but some books says it's illegal to access s[s.size()].
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Note that \0 is needed because most of Standard C library functions operate on strings assuming they are \0 terminated. For example: While using printf() if you have an string which is not \0 terminated then printf() keeps writing characters to stdout until a \0 is encountered, in short it might even print garbage.
Raw String Literal in C++ A Literal is a constant variable whose value does not change during the lifetime of the program. Whereas, a raw string literal is a string in which the escape characters like ' \n, \t, or \” ' of C++ are not processed. Hence, a raw string literal that starts with R”( and ends in )”.
It's the "end" of a string. A null character. In memory, it's actually a Zero. Usually functions that handle char arrays look for this character, as this is the end of the message.
C++ String end() This function is used to return an iterator pointing to the last character of the string.
Yes, that will give a reference to a zero-valued character, as specified by the C++11 standard:
Requires:
pos <= size().Returns:
*(begin() + pos)ifpos < size(), otherwise a reference to an object of typeTwith valuecharT(); the referenced value shall not be modified.
where charT() is a value-constructed character, which will have the value zero. T is presumably a typo for charT. The C++14 draft (and presumably the final standard) says the same thing, with the typo fixed.
If you have a book that says otherwise, burn it or sell it to your enemies.
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