Failed to load ApplicationContext (with annotation)

Question

This is my class for test.

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) @ContextConfiguration(classes = AppConfig.class, loader = AnnotationConfigContextLoader.class) public class UserServiceImplIT {      @Autowired     private SampleService sampleService;       @BeforeClass     public static void setUp() {         System.out.println("-----> SETUP <-----");     }      @Test     public void testSampleService() {         assertTrue(true);     } }       

exception (many exceptions, main : Failed to load ApplicationContext,
Error creating bean with name 'defaultServletHandlerMapping'.
Failed to instantiate [org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerMapping]: Factory method 'defaultServletHandlerMapping' threw exception;,
A ServletContext is required to configure default servlet handling )

java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to load ApplicationContext at org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContext(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:124) at org.springframework.test.context.support.DefaultTestContext.getApplicationContext(DefaultTestContext.java:83) at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.injectDependencies(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:117) at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:83) at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.prepareTestInstance(TestContextManager.java:228) at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.createTest(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:230) at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner$1.runReflectiveCall(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:289) at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12) at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.methodBlock(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:291) at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:249) at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:89) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268) at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:26) at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61) at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:70) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363) at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:193) at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:137) at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:78) at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:212) at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:68) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:491) at com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMain.main(AppMain.java:140) Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'defaultServletHandlerMapping' defined in class org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration: Bean instantiation via factory method failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Failed to instantiate [org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerMapping]: Factory method 'defaultServletHandlerMapping' threw exception; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: A ServletContext is required to configure default servlet handling at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(ConstructorResolver.java:599) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1123) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBeanInstance(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1018) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:510) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:482) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:306) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:230) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:302) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:197)

AppConfig - basic configuration file.

@Configuration @ComponentScan("ru.moneymanager.web") @EnableWebMvc @EnableTransactionManagement @PropertySource(value = {"classpath:application.properties"}) @Import({SecurityConfig.class,}) public class AppConfig {      @Bean     public SampleService getSampleService() {         return new SampleServiceImpl();     }      @Bean     public InternalResourceViewResolver setupViewResolver() {         InternalResourceViewResolver resolver = new InternalResourceViewResolver();         resolver.setPrefix("/WEB-INF/pages/");         resolver.setSuffix(".jsp");         resolver.setViewClass(JstlView.class);          return resolver;     }      @Autowired     private Environment environment;      @Bean     public LocalSessionFactoryBean sessionFactory() {         LocalSessionFactoryBean sessionFactory = new LocalSessionFactoryBean();         sessionFactory.setDataSource(dataSource());         sessionFactory.setPackagesToScan(new String[]{"ru.moneymanager.web"});         sessionFactory.setHibernateProperties(hibernateProperties());         return sessionFactory;     }      @Bean     public DataSource dataSource() {         DriverManagerDataSource dataSource = new DriverManagerDataSource();         dataSource.setDriverClassName(environment.getRequiredProperty("jdbc.driverClassName"));         dataSource.setUrl(environment.getRequiredProperty("jdbc.url"));         dataSource.setUsername(environment.getRequiredProperty("jdbc.username"));         dataSource.setPassword(environment.getRequiredProperty("jdbc.password"));         return dataSource;     }      private Properties hibernateProperties() {         Properties properties = new Properties();         properties.put("hibernate.dialect", environment.getRequiredProperty("hibernate.dialect"));         properties.put("hibernate.show_sql", environment.getRequiredProperty("hibernate.show_sql"));         properties.put("hibernate.format_sql", environment.getRequiredProperty("hibernate.format_sql"));         properties.put("hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto", environment.getRequiredProperty("hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto"));         return properties;     }      @Bean     @Autowired     public HibernateTransactionManager transactionManager(SessionFactory s) {         HibernateTransactionManager txManager = new HibernateTransactionManager();         txManager.setSessionFactory(s);         return txManager;     } }        

SecurityConfig

@Configuration @ComponentScan("ru.moneymanager.web") @EnableWebSecurity @EnableGlobalMethodSecurity(prePostEnabled=true) public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {     @Autowired     AuthenticationService authenticationService;     @Override     protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {         CharacterEncodingFilter filter = new CharacterEncodingFilter();         filter.setEncoding("UTF-8");         filter.setForceEncoding(true);         // отключена защита csrf на время тестов         http.csrf().disable().addFilterBefore(filter,CsrfFilter.class);         http.authorizeRequests().antMatchers("/account/**").hasRole("USER")             .antMatchers("/user/**").hasRole("ADMIN")             .and().formLogin();     }     @Autowired     public void configureGlobal(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {         auth.userDetailsService(authenticationService);     }    }        

other configuration files config
this project in git project
tell me, what's wrong? Why the error?

Answer 1

Your test requires a ServletContext: add @WebIntegrationTest

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) @ContextConfiguration(classes = AppConfig.class, loader = AnnotationConfigContextLoader.class) @WebIntegrationTest public class UserServiceImplIT 

...or look here for other options: https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/docs/current/reference/html/testing.html

UPDATE In Spring Boot 1.4.x and above @WebIntegrationTest is no longer preferred. @SpringBootTest or @WebMvcTest

Answer 2

In my case, I had to do the following while running with Junit5

@SpringBootTest(classes = {abc.class}) @ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class 

Here abc.class was the class that was being tested