Exit and rollback everything in script on error

Question

I have a TSQL script that does a lot of database structure adjustments but it's not really safe to just let it go through when something fails.

to make things clear:

• using MS SQL 2005
• it's NOT a stored procedure, just a script file (.sql)

what I have is something in the following order

BEGIN TRANSACTION
    ALTER Stuff
    GO

    CREATE New Stuff
    GO

    DROP Old Stuff
    GO
IF @@ERROR != 0
    BEGIN
  PRINT 'Errors Found ... Rolling back'
  ROLLBACK TRANSACTION
  RETURN
    END
ELSE
     PRINT 'No Errors ... Committing changes'
     COMMIT TRANSACTION

just to illustrate what I'm working with ... can't go into specifics now, the problem ...

When I introduce an error (to test if things get rolled back), I get a statement that the ROLLBACK TRANSACTION could not find a corresponding BEGIN TRANSACTION. This leads me to believe that something when REALLY wrong and the transaction was already killed. what I also noticed is that the script didn't fully quit on error and thus DID try to execute every statement after the error occured. (I noticed this when new tables showed up when I wasn't expecting them because it should have rollbacked)

Answer 1

When the error occurs, the transaction is rolled back automatically, and the current batch is aborted.

Execution continues into the next batch, however. So all the stuff in the batches after the error gets executed. And then when you check for errors later, you try to rollback an already rolled back transaction.

Also, to stop the entire script, not just the current batch, you should use:

raiserror('Error description here', 20, -1) with log

See my answer here for details on that one.

So you need to check for @error after each batch, I think something like this should work:

BEGIN TRANSACTION
GO

ALTER Stuff
GO

if @@error != 0 raiserror('Script failed', 20, -1) with log
GO

CREATE New Stuff
GO

if @@error != 0 raiserror('Script failed', 20, -1) with log
GO

DROP Old Stuff
GO

if @@error != 0 raiserror('Script failed', 20, -1) with log
GO

PRINT 'No Errors ... Committing changes'
COMMIT TRANSACTION

Answer 2

Try using RETURN. this will exit the script or procedure immediately and will not execute any of the following statements. You can use this in conjunction with BEGIN, ROLLBACK and COMMIT TRANSACTION statements to undo any data damage:

    BEGIN
    BEGIN TRANSACTION

    <first batch>
    IF @@error <> 0
        begin
        RAISERROR ('first batch failed',16,-1)
        ROLLBACK TRANSACTION
        RETURN
        end

    <second batch>
    IF @@error <> 0
        begin
        RAISERROR ('second batch failed',16,-1)
        ROLLBACK TRANSACTION
        RETURN
        end

    PRINT 'WIN!'
    COMMIT TRANSACTION
    END