Executing terminal commands in Jupyter notebook

Question

I am trying to run the following in Jupyter notebook (with Python 2 if it makes a difference):

!head xyz.txt

and I get the following error:

'head' is not recognized as an internal or external command, operable program or batch file.

Is there anything I need to import to be able to do this?

Answer 1

Might be useful for others. Use ! followed by terminal command you want to execute. To run a shell command. E.g.,

! pip install some_package

to install the some_package.

Answer 2

An easier way to invoke terminal using jupyter-notebooks is to use magic function %%bash and use the jupyter cell as a terminal:

%%bash head xyz.txt pip install keras git add model.h5.dvc data.dvc metrics.json git commit -m "Second model, trained with 2000 images"