ElasticSearch, multi-match with filter?

Question

I have a multi-match query in ES, and wish to add a filter.

{
  "multi_match" : {
    "query" : "this is a test",
    "fields" : [ "subject^2", "message" ]
  }
}

What is the syntax for adding this filter?

I tried:

{
  "multi_match" => {
    "query" => "list",
    "fields" => [ "username" ]

  },
"filter" => {
        "term" => { "username" => "slimkicker"}
    }
}

Answer 1

Depending on what you need you have to put the filter in the proper position. You have two options:

Use a top-level filter and apply the filter only to the search results but not to the facets

{
    "query" : {
        "multi_match" : {
            "query" : "this is a test",
            "fields" : [ "subject^2", "message" ]
        }
    },
    "filter" : {
        "term" : { "username": "slimkicker" }
    }
} 

Use a filtered query and apply the filter to both the search results and the facets

{
    "query" : {
        "filtered" : {
            "query" : {
                "multi_match" : {
                    "query" : "this is a test",
                    "fields" : [ "subject^2", "message" ]
                }
            },
            "filter" : {
                "term" : { "username": "slimkicker" }
            }
        }
    }
}

Answer 2

With Elasticsearch 5 the syntax has changed to the usage of bool query, e.g.

{
  "from" : 0,
  "size" : 10,
  "sort" : "publishDate",
  "query": {
    "bool": {  
      "must" : {
        "multi_match" : {
          "query":      "wedding",
          "type":       "most_fields",
          "fields":     [ "title", "text" ]
        }
      },
      "filter": {
        "term": {
          "locale": "english"
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

Documentation can be found here.

Answer 3

As per the new Documentation of Elasticsearch, the format is little bit changed, now you have to use bool and must and can apply filter separately from query like follows,

{
    'index' : 'users',
        'type' : 'users',
        'body' : {
          "query" : {
            "bool" : {
              "must" : {
                'multi_match' : {
                    'fields' : {'source^1', 'first_name^5', 'last_name^4', 'email^3', 'postcode^2', 'telephone', 'address', 'alternate_address'
                    },
                    'query' : 'Shahrukh Anwar',
                },
              },
              "filter" : {
                "term" : {
                  'assigned_to' : 125
                }
              }
            }
          }
        }
}