Does c# ?? operator short circuit?

Question

When using the ?? operator in C#, does it short circuit if the value being tested is not null?

Example:

string test = null; string test2 = test ?? "Default";  string test3 = test2 ?? test.ToLower(); 

Does the test3 line succeed or throw a null reference exception?

So another way to phrase the question: Will the right hand expression of the ?? operator get evaluated if the left hand is not null?

Answer 1

Yes, it says so in the C# Language Specification (highlighting by me):

A null coalescing expression of the form a ?? b requires a to be of a nullable type or reference type. If a is non-null, the result of a ?? b is a; otherwise, the result is b. The operation evaluates b only if a is null.

Answer 2

Yes, it short circuits.

class Program {     public static void Main()     {         string s = null;         string s2 = "Hi";         Console.WriteLine(s2 ?? s.ToString());     } } 

The above program outputs "Hi" rather than throwing a NullReferenceException.