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I need a quick Question about AWS service. Does a NAT gateway require an Internet gateway?
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Internet Gateway is required to provide internet access to the NAT Gateway. However, some customers use their NAT Gateways with Transit Gateway or virtual private gateway to communicate privately with other VPCs or on-premises environments and thus, do not need an internet gateway attached to their VPCs.
A NAT device forwards traffic from the instances in the private subnet to the internet or other AWS services, and then sends the response back to the instances while Internet Gateway is used to allow resources in your VPC to access internet.
For example, an internet gateway enables you to connect to an EC2 instance in AWS using your local computer. An internet gateway provides a target in your VPC route tables for internet-routable traffic. For communication using IPv4, the internet gateway also performs network address translation (NAT).
We recommend that you use NAT gateways because they provide better availability and bandwidth and require less effort on your part to administer. Highly available. NAT gateways in each Availability Zone are implemented with redundancy.
The simplest answer is YES.
The instances in the private subnet can access the Internet by using a network address translation (NAT) gateway that resides in the public subnet. So, you should have a VPC with both private and public subnets. A NAT gateway must be created in a VPC with an Internet Gateway. Otherwise, the NAT gateway won't work.
For more details: NAT Gateways
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