Difference between Java bytecode and Kotlin bytecode

Question

When we compile Kotlin source code, is it converted to Kotlin bytecode or Java bytecode only?

Answer 1

Kotlin bytecodes and Java bytecodes use the same bytecode instruction set; namely JVM bytecodes as specified by the JVM specification.

However, there may be differences in the way that JVM bytecodes are used for the two languages. These may cause affect the output of a decompiler.

The other complicating factor is that on Android the JVM bytecodes will be converted to Android Davlik bytecodes or ART (native) code before execution.