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In a makefile, what is the difference in meaning between include and -include?
Examples:
-include $(APPINCLUDES) include $(CONTIKI)/platform/$(TARGET)/Makefile.$(TARGET) 
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The include directive tells make to suspend reading the current makefile and read one or more other makefiles before continuing. The directive is a line in the makefile that looks like this: include filenames ... filenames can contain shell file name patterns.
":=" is for defining simply expanded variable, which is expanded once and for all.
If you use more than one ' -f ' or ' --file ' option, you can specify several makefiles. All the makefiles are effectively concatenated in the order specified. The default makefile names GNUmakefile , makefile and Makefile are not checked automatically if you specify ' -f ' or ' --file '.
LDFLAGS: Extra flags to give to compilers when they are supposed to invoke the linker, 'ld', such as -L. Libraries (-lfoo) should be added to the LDLIBS variable instead. LDLIBS: Library flags or names given to compilers when they are supposed to invoke the linker, 'ld'.
The difference is that -include won't generate an error if the include file doesn't exist.
The - prefix can be used many places in the Makefile to perform actions that you don't mind if they fail.
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