Using PHP PDO MySQL, exception mode.
Does a PDOException code for [MySQL] deadlocks exist?
Is there an alternative if it doesn't?
PDO::errorInfo, PDOException::errorInfo
MySQL Server Error Codes and Messages; Error: 1213 SQLSTATE: 40001 (ER_LOCK_DEADLOCK)
/*[...]*/
//error mode is exception
$pdoDBHandle->setAttribute(\PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE, \PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION);
try
{
    /*[...]*/
}
catch(\PDOException $exc)
{
    if(
        $exc->errorInfo[0]==40001 /*(ISO/ANSI) Serialization failure, e.g. timeout or deadlock*/;
        && $pdoDBHandle->getAttribute(\PDO::ATTR_DRIVER_NAME)=="mysql"
        && $exc->errorInfo[1]==1213  /*(MySQL SQLSTATE) ER_LOCK_DEADLOCK*/
    )
    {
        /*[...]*/
    }
    else
        throw $exc;
}
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