Convert a month abbreviation to a numeric month, in R

Question

I'm trying to write a function to convert 3-letter month abreviations to numeric values in R.

Here's what I have, I was wondering if there's a better way to do this:

numMonth <- function(x) {
    months <- list(jan=1,feb=2,mar=3,apr=4,may=5,jun=6,jul=7,aug=8,sep=9,oct=10,nov=11,dec=12)
    x <- tolower(x)
    sapply(x,function(x) months[[x]])
}

numMonth(c('JAN','DEC'))

Answer 1

Since month.abb is a system constant, why not use:

 match("jan", tolower(month.abb))  # [1] 1   mo2Num <- function(x) match(tolower(x), tolower(month.abb))  mo2Num(c("jan", "JAN", "Feb", "junk")  )  #[1]  1  1  2 NA 

If you want to see the rest of the relatively small number of "system constants", go to

`?Constants` 

The example text implies these should be in the language associated with your locale (although I'm not able to say with authority which of locales that would be. An alternate approach might have been to extract the month numbera after conversion to a POSIXlt-object. This approach requires remembering that the month number os 0-based, so you would need to add 1 in this instance.

Answer 2

Use vectorization, i.e.:

numMonth<-function(x)  c(jan=1,feb=2,mar=3,apr=4,may=5,jun=6,jul=7,aug=8,sep=9,oct=10,nov=11,dec=12)[tolower(x)]