Consistent random ordering in a MySQL query

Question

I have a database of pictures and I want to let visitors browse the pictures. I have one "next" and one "previous" link.

But what I want is to show every visitor anther order of the pictures. How can I do that? If I will use ORDER BY RANDOM() I will show sometimes duplicate images.

Can someone help me please? Thank you!

Answer 1

You can try to use seed in random function:

SELECT something FROM somewhere ORDER BY rand(123)

123 is a seed. Random should return the same values.

Answer 2

The problem arises from the fact that each page will run RAND() again and has no way of knowing if the returned pictures have already been returned before. You would have to compose your query in such a way that you can filter out the pictures already presented on the previous pages, so that RAND() will have fewer options to choose from.

An idea would be to randomize the pictures, select the IDs, store the IDs in the session, then SELECT using those IDs. This way, each user will have the pictures randomized, but they will be able to paginate through them without re-randomizing them on each page.

So, something like:

1. SELECT id FROM pictures ORDER BY RAND() LIMIT x if you don't have the IDs in the session already
2. Store the IDs in the session
3. SELECT ... FROM pictures WHERE id IN (IDs from session) LIMIT x

Another idea is to store in session the IDs that the user already saw and filter them out. For example:

1. SELECT ... FROM pictures ORDER BY RAND() LIMIT x if the session doesn't contain any ID
2. Append the IDs from the current query to the session
3. SELECT ... FROM pictures WHERE id NOT IN (IDs from session) ORDER BY RAND() LIMIT x

Another way seems to be to use a seed, as izi points out. I have to say I didn't know about the seed, but it seems to return the exact same results for the exact same value of the seed. So, run your usual query and use RAND(seed) instead of RAND(), where "seed" is a unique string or number. You can use the session ID as a seed, because it's guaranteed to be unique for each visitor.