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Hy!
Is there a way to get a list of all commits stored in a git bundle without cloning it first?
Getting the heads is easy, but I couldn't find a way to get a full log out of it.
972
Bundles are used for the "offline" transfer of Git objects without an active "server" sitting on the other side of the network connection. They can be used to create both incremental and full backups of a repository, and to relay the state of the references in one repository to another.
git bundle will only package references that are shown by git show-ref: this includes heads, tags, and remote heads. References such as master~1 cannot be packaged, but are perfectly suitable for defining the basis. More than one reference may be packaged, and more than one basis can be specified.
Essentially, a bundle is an archive file that a user can use with the git clone command to create a local repository. The bundle contains your source code, as well as the change history for the commits and branches that you reference during the bundle creation step.
You cannot push directly to a bundle file. A bundle file is a compressed representation of a repository, and to modify it would involve unbundling, pushing, and bundling again. One way to do this is as you said, create a new bundle every time you want to make a backup.
Fetching from the bundle, as suggested in araqnid's answer, remains the easiest solution.
Anything else (meaning without cloning/fetching from the bundle) would involve decoding the git bundle format.
Which is slightly easier to do with Git 2.25.1 (Feb. 2020), since the technical details of the bundle format have been documented.
See commit 7378ec9 (07 Feb 2020) by Masaya Suzuki (draftcode).
(Merged by Junio C Hamano -- gitster -- in commit e99c325, 12 Feb 2020)
See discussion.
doc: describe Git bundle formatSigned-off-by: Masaya Suzuki
The bundle format was not documented. Describe the format with ABNF and explain the meaning of each part.
(ABNF: Augmented Backus–Naur form, a metalanguage based on Backus–Naur form (BNF), but consisting of its own syntax and derivation rule)
See Documentation/technical/bundle-format.txt for more:
bundle = signature *prerequisite *reference LF pack
signature = "# v2 git bundle" LF
prerequisite = "-" obj-id SP comment LF
comment = *CHAR
reference = obj-id SP refname LF
pack = ... ; packfile
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