From my research on embedded SIM (eSIM) technology, it's a SIM card that the consumer owns and is capable of downloading and switching between 3rd party subscriptions. I've also read it's expected that most eSIMs will run a Java Runtime and support Java applets [1].
Is it possible to program Java applets onto eSIMs, similar to programming a Java smart card?
[1] "EUICC45", https://www.gsma.com/newsroom/wp-content/uploads/SGP.21_v2.1.pdf
Technical overview of SIM appletsApplets are based on Java Card, a limited subset of Java language. The SIM cards operating system (OS) is similarly written in Java Card.
eSIM and eUICC are often used seemingly interchangeably, even though there is a difference between the two: the eSIM is the hardware component of the SIM and a physical form that can be soldered into a solution. The eUICC is the software component that allows the remote SIM provisioning of multiple network profiles.
An eSIM (embedded-SIM) is a form of programmable SIM card that is embedded directly into a device. Instead of an integrated circuit located on a removable universal integrated circuit card (UICC), typically made of PVC, an eSIM consists of software installed onto an eUICC chip permanently attached to a device.
Yes. The active specification.
2.4.11.1 Java Card packages An eUICC supporting Java CardTM SHALL support the Java Packages listed below. The implementation of each Package SHALL as a minimum be according to the given Package version and Specification version
Then a list of the supported packages
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