Can I Override with derived types?

Question

As far as i know it is not possible to do the following in C# 2.0

public class Father {     public virtual Father SomePropertyName     {         get         {             return this;         }     } }  public class Child : Father {     public override Child SomePropertyName     {         get         {             return this;         }     } } 

I workaround the problem by creating the property in the derived class as "new", but of course that is not polymorphic.

public new Child SomePropertyName 

Is there any solution in 2.0? What about any features in 3.5 that address this matter?

Answer 1

You can re-declare (new), but you can't re-declare and override at the same time (with the same name). One option is to use a protected method to hide the detail - this allows both polymorphism and hiding at the same time:

public class Father {     public Father SomePropertyName     {         get {             return SomePropertyImpl();         }     }     protected virtual Father SomePropertyImpl()     {         // base-class version     } }  public class Child : Father {     public new Child SomePropertyName     {         get         { // since we know our local SomePropertyImpl actually returns a Child             return (Child)SomePropertyImpl();         }     }     protected override Father SomePropertyImpl()     {         // do something different, might return a Child         // but typed as Father for the return     } } 

Answer 2

This is not possible in any .NET language because of type-safety concerns. In type-safe languages, you must provide covariance for return values, and contravariance for parameters. Take this code:

class B {     S Get();     Set(S); } class D : B {     T Get();     Set(T); } 

For the Get methods, covariance means that T must either be S or a type derived from S. Otherwise, if you had a reference to an object of type D stored in a variable typed B, when you called B.Get() you wouldn't get an object representable as an S back -- breaking the type system.

For the Set methods, contravariance means that T must either be S or a type that S derives from. Otherwise, if you had a reference to an object of type D stored in a variable typed B, when you called B.Set(X), where X was of type S but not of type T, D::Set(T) would get an object of a type it did not expect.

In C#, there was a conscious decision to disallow changing the type when overloading properties, even when they have only one of the getter/setter pair, because it would otherwise have very inconsistent behavior ("You mean, I can change the type on the one with a getter, but not one with both a getter and setter? Why not?!?" -- Anonymous Alternate Universe Newbie).