I can't see an answer to this in the Developer's Guide, though maybe I'm not looking in the right place.
I want to intercept HTTP requests with a Chrome Extension, and then forward it on, potentially with new/different HTTP headers - how can I do that?
Modify Headeropen Chrome developers toolbar Option + ⌘ + J (on macOS), or Shift + CTRL + J (on Windows/Linux). Press Command+Shift+P (Mac) or Control+Shift+P (Windows, Linux, Chrome OS) to open the Command Menu. In the User agent section disable the Select automatically checkbox.
You can manipulate the headers of incoming HTTP requests through HTTP Request Header Modification Rules. Through these rules you can: Set the value of an HTTP request header to a literal string value, overwriting its previous value or adding a new header to the request.
PS: I am the author of this extension so you can blame me for anything you don't like :)
It was certainly not possible when OP asked the question but soon later Chrome released experimental WebRequest API. But now they have been included officially in Chrome Extension. You can use it modify request and response headers in Chrome.
Look at this example:
chrome.webRequest.onBeforeSendHeaders.addListener( function(details) { for (var i = 0; i < details.requestHeaders.length; ++i) { if (details.requestHeaders[i].name === 'User-Agent') { details.requestHeaders.splice(i, 1); break; } } return { requestHeaders: details.requestHeaders }; }, {urls: ['<all_urls>']}, ['blocking', 'requestHeaders' /* , 'extraHeaders' */] // uncomment 'extraHeaders' above in case of special headers since Chrome 72 // see https://developer.chrome.com/extensions/webRequest#life_cycle_footnote );
If you want to use Chrome Extension, you can use Requestly which allows you to modify request and response headers as you wish. Have a look at this snapshot:
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