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If you want to ignore a file that you've committed in the past, you'll need to delete the file from your repository and then add a . gitignore rule for it. Using the --cached option with git rm means that the file will be deleted from your repository, but will remain in your working directory as an ignored file.
gitignore file is a plain text file where each line contains a pattern for files/directories to ignore. Generally, this is placed in the root folder of the repository, and that's what I recommend. However, you can put it in any folder in the repository and you can also have multiple . gitignore files.
You can create your own .gitignore using
git config --global core.excludesfile $HOME/.gitignore
Then put your desired entries in that file.
For user-specific and repo-specific file ignoring you should populate the following file:
$GIT_DIR/info/exclude
Usually $GIT_DIR stands for:
your_repo_path/.git/
In their .gitconfig:
[core]
excludesfile = ~/.global_gitignore
That way, they can ignore certain types of files globally. Each user can have their own global ignore file.
For example, you want ignore ~/some/path/.idea folder:
# 1. Add .idea to user specific gitignore file
echo .idea > ~/.gitignore
# 2. Add gitignore file to gitconfig
git config --global core.excludesfile ~/.gitignore
As indicated in Atlassian's .gitignore tutorial, you could also use your repo's <repo>/.git/info/exclude file that you can easily edit with any text editor. It works the same as .gitignore.
I could easily ignore my intelliJ files, personal dockerfiles and stuff only I need to work with.
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