Basics - Troubleshooting Hibernate / JDBC Connection Pool Issue

Question

What is Hibernate's responsibility in regards to database connections it gets from an underlying connection pool. Does it test to see if a connection is closed before it uses it? and if so get another connection from the pool?

I've included error and confirmation info below. Any ideas of where I can start to troubleshoot this would be very helpful. And any advice on the SQL Server driver settings we are using.

from the Catalina log:

04-Nov-2010 21:54:52.691 WARNING org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.ConnectionPool.abandon Connection has been abandoned PooledConnection[ConnectionID:8]:java.lang.Exception
    at org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.ConnectionPool.getThreadDump(ConnectionPool.java:926)
    at org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.ConnectionPool.borrowConnection(ConnectionPool.java:681)
    at org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.ConnectionPool.borrowConnection(ConnectionPool.java:545)
    at org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.ConnectionPool.getConnection(ConnectionPool.java:166)
    at org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.DataSourceProxy.getConnection(DataSourceProxy.java:106)

from our application log:

2010-11-04 21:54:52,705 [tomcat-http--18] WARN  util.JDBCExceptionReporter  - SQL Error: 0, SQLState: 08S01
2010-11-04 21:54:52,707 [tomcat-http--18] ERROR util.JDBCExceptionReporter  - Socket closed
2010-11-04 21:54:52,708 [tomcat-http--18] ERROR transaction.JDBCTransaction  - JDBC rollback failed
java.sql.SQLException: Connection has already been closed.
    at org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.ProxyConnection.invoke(ProxyConnection.java:112)
    at org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.JdbcInterceptor.invoke(JdbcInterceptor.java:94)
    at org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.interceptor.AbstractCreateStatementInterceptor.invoke(AbstractCreateStatementInterceptor.java:71)
    at org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.JdbcInterceptor.invoke(JdbcInterceptor.java:94)
    at org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.interceptor.ConnectionState.invoke(ConnectionState.java:132)
    at $Proxy38.rollback(Unknown Source)
    at org.hibernate.transaction.JDBCTransaction.rollbackAndResetAutoCommit(JDBCTransaction.java:217)
    at org.hibernate.transaction.JDBCTransaction.rollback(JDBCTransaction.java:196)
    at org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager.doRollback(HibernateTransactionManager.java:676)
    at org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.processRollback(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:845)
    at org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.rollback(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:822)
    at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionAspectSupport.completeTransactionAfterThrowing(TransactionAspectSupport.java:412)
    at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor.invoke(TransactionInterceptor.java:111)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:172)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.Cglib2AopProxy$DynamicAdvisedInterceptor.intercept(Cglib2AopProxy.java:625)

The configuration:

<Resource defaultAutoCommit="false" defaultReadOnly="false"
        defaultTransactionIsolation="SERIALIZABLE"
        driverClassName="com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver"
        factory="org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.DataSourceFactory"
        fairQueue="false" initialSize="10"
        jdbcInterceptors="ConnectionState;StatementFinalizer"
        jmxEnabled="true" logAbandoned="true" maxActive="100"
        maxIdle="10" maxWait="30000"
        minEvictableIdleTimeMillis="10000" minIdle="10"
        name="com.ourcompany.ap.shoppingcart/datasource"
        password="somePassword" removeAbandoned="true"
        removeAbandonedTimeout="60" testOnBorrow="true"
        testOnReturn="false" testWhileIdle="false"
        timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis="5000"
        type="javax.sql.DataSource"
        url="jdbc:sqlserver://approd\approd;databaseName=prod"
        useEquals="false" username="AccessPointNet"
        validationInterval="30000" validationQuery="SELECT 1"/>`

Answer 1

I had a similar problem which was solved by increasing the removeAbandonedTimeout value to a higher number. The problem we faced was due to the query which took longer time that the above mentioned timeout.

Answer 2

What is Hibernate's responsibility in regards to database connections it gets from an underlying connection pool.

Not much, releasing it when the Session gets closed.

Does it test to see if a connection is closed before it uses it? and if so get another connection from the pool?

No, Hibernate doesn't, checking the validity of connection(s) is the responsibility of a connection pool if you want to.

I've included error and confirmation info below. Any ideas of where I can start to troubleshoot this would be very helpful.

What kind of process are you running exactly? A long transaction? Does it timeout? What does the Caused by: say? About the trace:

2010-11-04 21:54:52,705 [tomcat-http--18] WARN util.JDBCExceptionReporter - SQL Error: 0, SQLState: 08S01 
2010-11-04 21:54:52,707 [tomcat-http--18] ERROR util.JDBCExceptionReporter - Socket closed
2010-11-04 21:54:52,708 [tomcat-http--18] ERROR transaction.JDBCTransaction - JDBC rollback failed java.sql.SQLException: Connection has already been closed.

Can you reproduce it in a deterministic way? Any networking problem?

And any advice on the SQL Server driver settings we are using.

I've added a great resource about Tomcat and connection pool configuration below. Not specific to SQL Server though.

Resources

• Configuring jdbc-pool for high-concurrency

Answer 3

We usually work around this by using dbcp, and providing a validationQuery when definining our data source. Then, dbcp will verify the usability of pooled connections by issuing that query (and transparently recreate the connection should it no longer work), prior to returning them to the application.

Check out http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-6.0-doc/jndi-datasource-examples-howto.html for more details.

Answer 4

I am currently using liquibase(v1.9) in my project, and when the changeSets run against a blank schema it always takes longer than 60 seconds which results in the thread being marked abandoned I'm not thrilled with increasing the removeAbandonedTimeout value, but this is the only solution I've been able to find to prevent this issue; however, after the initial schema population is complete this is seldom a problem so I set the value back to 60 seconds.