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Can Unicode characters be encoded and decoded with Base64?
I have attempted to encode the string 'الله', but when I decoded it all I got was '????'.
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Of course they can. It depends on how your language or Base64 routine handles Unicode input. For example, Python's b64 routines expect an encoded string (as Base64 encodes binary to text, not Unicode codepoints to text).
Base64 encoding schemes are commonly used when there is a need to encode binary data that needs to be stored and transferred over media that are designed to deal with ASCII. This is to ensure that the data remain intact without modification during transport.
Base64 converts binary to text. If you want to convert text to a base64 format, you'll need to convert the text to binary using some appropriate encoding (e.g. UTF-8, UTF-16) first.
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