Assigning a variable inside an IF EXISTS clause

Question

Trying to assign a variable inside an if exists clause for TSQL

DECLARE @myvar  int  IF EXISTS (SELECT @myvar = theTable.varIWant..... ) 

I thought this would work, but apparently not? Or perhaps (more likely) I'm doing it wrong.

Answer 1

In my installation of SQL Server 2008 R2, it simply doesn't compile. The parser complains about there being incorrect syntax near =.

I believe it must have something to do with mixing value assignment and data retrieval in a single SELECT statement, which is not allowed in SQL Server: you can have either one or the other. Since, when you assign values, the row set is not returned but the EXISTS predicate expects it to be, the assignment cannot be allowed in that context, so, to avoid confusion, perhaps, the limitation must have been imposed explicitly.

Your workaround, which you are talking about in a comment, is a decent one, but might not work well somewhere in the middle of a batch when the variable has already got a value before the assignment. So I would probably use this workaround instead:

SELECT @myvar = ... IF @@ROWCOUNT > 0 ... 

As per MSDN, the @@ROWCOUNT system function returns the number of rows read by the query.

Answer 2

Rather than doing IF EXISTS, you could just do

DECLARE @myvar  int SELECT @myvar = theTable.varIWant.....; IF @myvar IS NULL BEGIN...