I am trying to apply some transformations to all the elements in a dataframe.
When using the regular apply functions, I get a matrix back and not a dataframe. Is there a way to get a dataframe directly without adding as.data.frame
to each line?
df = data.frame(a = LETTERS[1:5], b = LETTERS[6:10])
apply(df, 1, tolower) #Matrix
apply(df, 2, tolower) #Matrix
sapply(df, tolower) #Matrix
as.data.frame(sapply(df, tolower)) # Can I avoid "as.data.frame"?
We can use lapply
and assign it back to 'df'
df[] <- lapply(df, tolower)
The []
preserves the same structure as the original dataset. Using apply
convert it to a matrix
and that is not recommended.
Here's a way using dplyr
:
library(dplyr)
df %>% mutate_each(funs(tolower))
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