Apple Sample Code for WatchKit Extension Background Refresh

Question

I've been searching for the answer to this question for quite a long time, so I think I'm willing to risk some downvotes to post it.

Basically, I want to make the Apple provided sample code for Apple Watch background refresh actually work (link and code below).

I've tried both in the simulator and on an iPhone 6s with an Apple Watch Series 2, and the background tasks are never successfully completed to the point where the time updates. I've tried pinning the watch app to the dock, and I've tried keeping the app in the foreground and sending it to the background, both in the simulator and on the actual watch. I even tried waiting almost a year to see if Xcode or the Apple Watch would receive an update that would make it work.

Has anyone successfully modified the Apple provided code to make it work?

You can download the entire runnable sample project here: WatchBackgroundRefresh: Using WKRefreshBackgroundTask to update WatchKit apps in the background

 /*  Copyright (C) 2016-2017 Apple Inc. All Rights Reserved.  See LICENSE.txt for this sample’s licensing information   Abstract:  The main interface controller.  */  import WatchKit import Foundation   class MainInterfaceController: WKInterfaceController, WKExtensionDelegate, URLSessionDownloadDelegate {     // MARK: Properties      let sampleDownloadURL = URL(string: "http://devstreaming.apple.com/videos/wwdc/2015/802mpzd3nzovlygpbg/802/802_designing_for_apple_watch.pdf?dl=1")!      @IBOutlet var timeDisplayLabel: WKInterfaceLabel!      private let dateFormatter: DateFormatter = {         let formatter = DateFormatter()         formatter.dateStyle = .none         formatter.timeStyle = .long          return formatter     }()      // MARK: WKInterfaceController      override func awake(withContext context: Any?) {         super.awake(withContext: context)          // Configure interface objects here.         WKExtension.shared().delegate = self         updateDateLabel()     }      // MARK: WKExtensionDelegate     func handle(_ backgroundTasks: Set<WKRefreshBackgroundTask>) {         for task : WKRefreshBackgroundTask in backgroundTasks {             print("received background task: ", task)             // only handle these while running in the background             if (WKExtension.shared().applicationState == .background) {                 if task is WKApplicationRefreshBackgroundTask {                     // this task is completed below, our app will then suspend while the download session runs                     print("application task received, start URL session")                     scheduleURLSession()                 }             }             else if let urlTask = task as? WKURLSessionRefreshBackgroundTask {                 let backgroundConfigObject = URLSessionConfiguration.background(withIdentifier: urlTask.sessionIdentifier)                 let backgroundSession = URLSession(configuration: backgroundConfigObject, delegate: self, delegateQueue: nil)                  print("Rejoining session ", backgroundSession)             }             // make sure to complete all tasks, even ones you don't handle             task.setTaskCompleted()         }     }      // MARK: Snapshot and UI updating      func scheduleSnapshot() {         // fire now, we're ready         let fireDate = Date()         WKExtension.shared().scheduleSnapshotRefresh(withPreferredDate: fireDate, userInfo: nil) { error in             if (error == nil) {                 print("successfully scheduled snapshot.  All background work completed.")             }         }     }      func updateDateLabel() {         let currentDate = Date()         timeDisplayLabel.setText(dateFormatter.string(from: currentDate))     }      // MARK: URLSession handling      func urlSession(_ session: URLSession, downloadTask: URLSessionDownloadTask, didFinishDownloadingTo location: URL) {         print("NSURLSession finished to url: ", location)         updateDateLabel()         scheduleSnapshot()     }      func scheduleURLSession() {         let backgroundConfigObject = URLSessionConfiguration.background(withIdentifier: NSUUID().uuidString)         backgroundConfigObject.sessionSendsLaunchEvents = true         let backgroundSession = URLSession(configuration: backgroundConfigObject)          let downloadTask = backgroundSession.downloadTask(with: sampleDownloadURL)         downloadTask.resume()     }      // MARK: IB actions      @IBAction func ScheduleRefreshButtonTapped() {         // fire in 20 seconds         let fireDate = Date(timeIntervalSinceNow: 20.0)         // optional, any SecureCoding compliant data can be passed here         let userInfo = ["reason" : "background update"] as NSDictionary          WKExtension.shared().scheduleBackgroundRefresh(withPreferredDate: fireDate, userInfo: userInfo) { (error) in             if (error == nil) {                 print("successfully scheduled background task, use the crown to send the app to the background and wait for handle:BackgroundTasks to fire.")             }         }     }  } 

The following is output when run on the simulator. Similar output (but not necessarily exactly the same) when running in other configurations:

successfully scheduled background task, use the crown to send the app to the background and wait for handle:BackgroundTasks to fire. received background task:  <WKSnapshotRefreshBackgroundTask: 0x7b019030> received background task:  <WKApplicationRefreshBackgroundTask: 0x7a711290> application task received, start URL session 

Answer 1

For anyone who may find this, there were 2 problems that I saw, both with the URLSession scheduling. With these changes, I think the Apple sample code actually works, at least on the simulator.

-The sampleDownloadURL needs to be secure, so a URL with HTTPS is necessary. This one works: https://api.weather.gov/points/42.3584,-71.0598/forecast

-It looks to me like the delegate for the URLSession was never set to self, so the following change fixed that:

let backgroundSession = URLSession(configuration: backgroundConfigObject, delegate: self, delegateQueue: nil) 

The following working (although less complete) code was very helpful: What's New in watchOS 3: Background Tasks

Edit: One more issue that may occur is that the tasks are completed immediately after they are received. In practice, they should be saved (in a local variable, for instance) and then completed after all processing for that task is complete. For this code, I think that means hanging onto the WKApplicationRefreshBackgroundTask and not calling setTaskCompleted() on it until right after the call to scheduleSnapshot.