Android IllegalStateException No instrumentation registered! Must run under a registering instrumentation

Question

I am struggling to make this functional test with Espresso work on Android. My App is a Multdex app so I am following the instructions written at this link as follows : (https://developer.android.com/tools/building/multidex.html).

I have already configured my build.gradle like this :

apply plugin: 'com.android.application' apply plugin: 'android-apt' def AAVersion = '3.3.2'  buildscript {     repositories {         mavenCentral()     }     dependencies {         classpath 'com.neenbedankt.gradle.plugins:android-apt:1.4'     } }     apt {         arguments {             androidManifestFile variant.outputs[0].processResources.manifestFile             resourcePackageName 'br.com.foo'         }     }      android {         compileSdkVersion 21         buildToolsVersion "21.1.2"         defaultConfig {             applicationId "br.com.foo"             minSdkVersion 15             targetSdkVersion 21             android.enforceUniquePackageName = false             multiDexEnabled true             compileOptions {                 sourceCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_7                 targetCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_7             }              testApplicationId "br.com.foo.test"             testInstrumentationRunner "android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"             testInstrumentationRunner "com.android.test.runner.MultiDexTestRunner"         }          buildTypes {             release {                 minifyEnabled false                 proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.txt'             }         }          dexOptions {             preDexLibraries = false             javaMaxHeapSize "4g"         }          packagingOptions {             exclude 'META-INF/notice.txt'             exclude 'META-INF/license.txt'             exclude 'META-INF/LICENSE.txt'             exclude 'META-INF/NOTICE.txt'         }     }      configurations.all {         resolutionStrategy.force 'com.android.support:support-annotations:22.1.0'}      dependencies {         compile fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])         apt "org.androidannotations:androidannotations:$AAVersion"         compile "org.androidannotations:androidannotations-api:$AAVersion"         compile 'com.github.PhilJay:MPAndroidChart:v2.1.0'         compile 'com.github.daimajia:AndroidViewAnimations:v1.1.3'         compile 'com.makeramen:roundedimageview:2.1.1'         compile 'com.github.ACRA:acra:acra-4.6.2'         compile 'com.github.rahatarmanahmed:circularprogressview:2.3.2'         compile 'com.github.jhy:jsoup:jsoup-1.8.3'         compile project(':cacscore')         compile project(':croplib')         compile project(':zxingandroid')         compile project(':paho')         compile project(':urlImageViewHelper')         compile project(':facebookSDK')         compile project(':googleDateTimePickers')         compile 'com.android.support:support-v4:22.0.0'         compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:22.0.0'         compile 'com.google.android.gms:play-services:7.8.0'         compile 'com.android.support:multidex:1.0.0'         compile 'org.apache.commons:commons-lang3:3.4'         compile files('libs/httpmime-4.1.jar')         compile files('libs/jackson-all-1.9.11.jar')         compile files('libs/jaxrs-api-2.2.1.GA.jar')         compile files('libs/spring-android-core-1.0.1.RELEASE.jar')         compile files('libs/spring-android-rest-template-1.0.1.RELEASE.jar')         compile 'com.melnykov:floatingactionbutton:1.2.0'         compile files('libs/trace.jar')          testCompile 'junit:junit:4.12'         testCompile 'org.powermock:powermock-api-mockito:1.6.2'         testCompile 'org.powermock:powermock-module-junit4-rule-agent:1.6.2'         testCompile 'org.powermock:powermock-module-junit4-rule:1.6.2'         testCompile 'org.powermock:powermock-module-junit4:1.6.2'          androidTestCompile 'junit:junit:4.12'     //    androidTestCompile('com.android.support.test:testing-support-lib:0.1') {     //        exclude group: 'junit'  // junit:junit-dep conflicts with junit:unit     //    }         androidTestCompile 'com.android.support.test:runner:0.4'         // Set this dependency to use JUnit 4 rules         androidTestCompile 'com.android.support.test:rules:0.4'         // Set this dependency to build and run Espresso tests         androidTestCompile 'com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:2.2.1'         // Set this dependency to build and run UI Automator tests     //    androidTestCompile 'com.android.support.test.uiautomator:uiautomator-v18:2.1.2'          androidTestCompile('com.android.support:multidex-instrumentation:1.0.1') {             exclude group: 'com.android.support', module: 'multidex'         }     } 

I configured the Run profile from the Android Studio setting the testInstrumentationRunner classe to com.android.test.runner.MultiDexTestRunner.

When I execute the command "adb shell pm list instrumentation" I have this output:

instrumentation:br.com.doe.test/com.android.test.runner.MultiDexTestRunner (target=br.com.doe) instrumentation:br.com.foo.test/com.android.test.runner.MultiDexTestRunner (target=br.com.foo) instrumentation:br.com.foo/com.android.test.runner.MultiDexTestRunner (target=br.com.foo) 

But still I receive this output when I try to execute my tests:

Testing started at 17:23 ... Installing br.com.foo DEVICE SHELL COMMAND: pm install -r "/data/local/tmp/br.com.foo" pkg: /data/local/tmp/br.com.foo Success  Uploading file     local path: F:\Android\CACS\cacs\cacs\build\outputs\apk\cacs-debug-androidTest-unaligned.apk     remote path: /data/local/tmp/br.com.foo.test Installing br.com.foo.test DEVICE SHELL COMMAND: pm install -r "/data/local/tmp/br.com.foo.test" pkg: /data/local/tmp/br.com.foo.test Success      Running tests Test running started java.lang.IllegalStateException: No instrumentation registered! Must run under a registering instrumentation. at android.support.test.InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation(InstrumentationRegistry.java:45) at br.com.bagger.inicio.MapaEnderecoTest.setUp(MapaEnderecoTest.java:35) at android.test.AndroidTestRunner.runTest(AndroidTestRunner.java:191) at android.test.AndroidTestRunner.runTest(AndroidTestRunner.java:176) at android.test.InstrumentationTestRunner.onStart(InstrumentationTestRunner.java:554) at android.app.Instrumentation$InstrumentationThread.run(Instrumentation.java:1701)  Finish 

And this is the unique test that I am trying to run:

package br.com.doe.inicio;  import android.support.test.InstrumentationRegistry; import android.support.test.espresso.Espresso; import android.support.test.espresso.action.ViewActions; import android.support.test.espresso.matcher.ViewMatchers; import android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4; import android.test.ActivityInstrumentationTestCase2;     import org.junit.Before; import org.junit.Test; import org.junit.runner.RunWith;     import br.com.foo.R;  @RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class) public class MapaEnderecoTest extends ActivityInstrumentationTestCase2<MapaEndereco> {         private MapaEndereco mActivity;      public MapaEnderecoTest()     {         super(MapaEndereco.class);     }      @Override     @Before     protected void setUp() throws Exception     {         super.setUp();         injectInstrumentation(InstrumentationRegistry.getInstrumentation());         mActivity = getActivity();     }      @Test     public void testeAbertura()     {         Espresso.onView(ViewMatchers.withId(R.id.map)).perform(ViewActions.click());     } } 

The error occurs right after the super.setUp() call, on the setUp method.

I have the instrumentation registered into the AndroidManifest file:

<instrumentation         android:label="Multdex"         android:name="com.android.test.runner.MultiDexTestRunner"         android:targetPackage="br.com.foo"         android:functionalTest="true"/> 

And the problem I am facing is not the same as described here NullPointer Exception when using Espresso

Answer 1

The problem is with these gradle lines:

testInstrumentationRunner "android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner" testInstrumentationRunner "com.android.test.runner.MultiDexTestRunner" 

You need a MultiDexTestRunner, but this class is derived from InstrumentationTestRunner. Your code needs a test runner that is derived from AndroidJUnitRunner

A solution is to create a custom TestRunner that extends AndroidJUnitRunner and implements the MultiDex code:

import android.os.Bundle; import android.support.multidex.MultiDex; import android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner;  public class TestRunner extends AndroidJUnitRunner {     @Override     public void onCreate(Bundle arguments)     {         MultiDex.install(getTargetContext());         super.onCreate(arguments);     } } 

You only need to add a single Gradle line that references your custom testInstrumentationRunner. This will ensure that the build system generates the AndroidManifest.xml properties that are needed to run the tests with this runner.