Android - how to get or set (print) DPI ( dots per inch ) of JPEG file while loading or saving it programmatically?

Question

I have an app developed on Android versions 4.0 and above. ( The app does not support Android versions below 4.0 [Ice Cream Sandwich] ).

The question is related to (print) DPI of various images ( for eg. of jpeg or png ) format.

This question does NOT relate to SCREEN DPI or sizes of various Android devices. It is also NOT related to showing the Bitmap on the device in screen size.

I am using the following code to load the image file in 'Bitmap'. Then I have been cropping it and saving it to another file in JPEG format with jpegCompression. I have been able to do this by the following code, but I am unable to get DPI of loaded or set the DPI of saved Image file.

So I have two questions.

1) How can I get the (print) DPI from the JPEG file, after or while loading it in 'Bitmap'?

2) While saving the new generated 'Bitmap', how can I set the DPI again in the JPEG file?

Following is the part of code for reference.

    FileInputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(theSourcePhotoFilePathName);

    Bitmap bitmap = null;
    BitmapRegionDecoder decoder = null;

    BitmapFactory.Options options = new BitmapFactory.Options();        
    options.inSampleSize = 1;
    options.inDensity = 300;   // Tried this but not working.

    try {
        decoder = BitmapRegionDecoder.newInstance(in, false);
        bitmap = decoder.decodeRegion(region, options);      // the region has cropping coordinates.
    } catch (IllegalArgumentException e){
        Log.d("First Activity", "Failed to recycle bitmap for rect=" + region, e);
    } catch (IOException e) {
        Log.d("First Activity", "Failed to decode into rect=" + region, e);
    } finally {
        if (decoder != null) decoder.recycle();
    }

    inputStream.close();
    inputStream = null;

    FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream( theTargetTempFolderDestFilePath );
    bitmap.compress(CompressFormat.JPEG, jpegCompressionRatio, fos);
    fos.flush();
    fos.close();
    fos = null;

I have tried to find from stackoverflow and from other sites by googling, but could not get the proper related answer. So I have decided to ask it in this forum.

Your hints and suggestions are welcome.

Sanjay.

Answer 1

The given answers are about how to set dpi. In order to get dpi of an image:

   final ImageInfo imageInfo = Sanselan.getImageInfo(image_file);

   final int physicalWidthDpi = imageInfo.getPhysicalWidthDpi();
   final int physicalHeightDpi = imageInfo.getPhysicalHeightDpi();

The gradle dependency: implementation group: 'org.apache.sanselan', name: 'sanselan', version: '0.97-incubator'

Answer 2

Just for convenience here is ready to copy and paste method:

public static void saveBitmapToJpg(Bitmap bitmap, File file, int dpi) throws IOException {
    ByteArrayOutputStream imageByteArray = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
    bitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, 100, imageByteArray);
    byte[] imageData = imageByteArray.toByteArray();

    setDpi(imageData, dpi);

    FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream(file);
    fileOutputStream.write(imageData);
    fileOutputStream.close();
}

private static void setDpi(byte[] imageData, int dpi) {
    imageData[13] = 1;
    imageData[14] = (byte) (dpi >> 8);
    imageData[15] = (byte) (dpi & 0xff);
    imageData[16] = (byte) (dpi >> 8);
    imageData[17] = (byte) (dpi & 0xff);
}

saved file will have properly set Image DPI value:

Answer 3

Are you referring to the DPI metaData written as part of the JPEG file? I have struggled with that recently but came up with a solution. If you have already solved it, this answer can help others who run into the same problem.

When a Bitmap is compressed to JPEG in Android, it saves it in a JFIF segment format. Please see article here(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JPEG_File_Interchange_Format). I have also attached a screenshot of an Android jpeg image opened up in a hex editor so you can see how it matches.

To edit the value, you need to first create a byte[] array that will store the Bitmap.compress(). Here is a part of my code where I do just that(input being the source Bitmap).

ByteArrayOutputStream uploadImageByteArray = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
input.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, 100, uploadImageByteArray);
byte[] uploadImageData = uploadImageByteArray.toByteArray();

Based on the JFIF structure, you need to edit the 13th, 14th, 15th, 16th, and 17th indexes in the byte array. 13th specifying the density type, 14th and 15th the X resolution, and 16th and 17th holding the Y resolution. In my case, I changed it to 500 dpi as the X and Y resolution in the metadata. This translated to 0000 0001 1111 0100 which is 1F4 in hex. I then wrote the byte[] to file, copied it from my phone to my computer, and verified the details were present when viewing the image properties.

                uploadImageData[13] = 00000001;
                uploadImageData[14] = 00000001;
                uploadImageData[15] = (byte) 244
                uploadImageData[16] =  00000001;
                uploadImageData[17] = (byte) 244


                 File image = new  File(Environment
                .getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_DOWNLOADS)
                .getAbsolutePath() + "/meta Images/", imageFileName);
                FileOutputStream sdCardOutput = new FileOutputStream(image);
                sdCardOutput.write(uploadImageData);

NOTE: Java uses a signed byte system and you cannot enter in any binary value above 127 without the compiler barking at you. I ran into this problem inputting F4 as a byte. The solution is to convert your value to decimal and then use a (byte) cast.

Hope this helps!