Android APK vs test APK?

I see Android creates both a "normal" and an androidTest APK inside the outputs folder?

i.e.

app-dev-debug.apk
app-dev-debug-androidTest.apk

Do I need to install both of these if I want to run tests on the device via the debug bridge for example?

Thanks

What is APK testing?

An APK emulator (also known as an Android emulator) is a software program that helps users simulate the Android operating system on their computer. It is used to test Android apps directly on testers' workstations without requiring access to particular Android devices.

What is the difference between Android and Android APK?

APKs (short for Android application package) are the preeminent standard of Android files. They're used for the distribution and installation of APK files. Technically, APKs are simply file extensions. Like other file extensions like zip and exe files, they are built to perform a specific purpose.

app-dev-debug is your app, the debug build. app-dev-debug-androidTest is the apk for your android instrumentation tests. They have to run on an Android device, so they need to be in an apk.