change color of bar for data selection in seaborn histogram (or plt)

Question

Let's say I have a dataframe like:

X2 = np.random.normal(10, 3, 200)
X3 = np.random.normal(34, 2, 200)

a = pd.DataFrame({"X3": X3, "X2":X2})

and I am doing the following plotting routine:

f, axes = plt.subplots(2, 2,  gridspec_kw={"height_ratios":(.10, .30)}, figsize = (13, 4))
for i, c in enumerate(a.columns):
    sns.boxplot(a[c], ax=axes[0,i])
    sns.distplot(a[c], ax = axes[1,i])
    axes[1, i].set(yticklabels=[])
    axes[1, i].set(xlabel='')
    axes[1, i].set(ylabel='')

plt.tight_layout()
plt.show()

Which yields to:

Now I want to be able to perform a data selection on the dataframe a. Let's say something like:

b = a[(a['X2'] <4)]

and highlight the selection from b in the posted histograms. for example if the first row of b is [32:0] for X3 and [0:5] for X2, the desired output would be:

is it possible to do this with the above for loop and with sns? Many thanks!

EDIT: I am also happy with a matplotlib solution, if easier.

EDIT2:

If it helps, it would be similar to do the following:

b = a[(a['X3'] >38)]

f, axes = plt.subplots(2, 2,  gridspec_kw={"height_ratios":(.10, .30)}, figsize = (13, 4))

for i, c in enumerate(a.columns):
   sns.boxplot(a[c], ax=axes[0,i])
   sns.distplot(a[c], ax = axes[1,i])
   sns.distplot(b[c], ax = axes[1,i])

   axes[1, i].set(yticklabels=[])
   axes[1, i].set(xlabel='')
   axes[1, i].set(ylabel='')

plt.tight_layout()
plt.show()

which yields the following:

However, I would like to be able to just colour those bars in the first plot in a different colour! I also thought about setting the ylim to only the size of the blue plot so that the orange won't distort the shape of the blue distribution, but it wouldn't still be feasible, as in reality I have about 10 histograms to show, and setting ylim would be pretty much the same as sharey=True, which Im trying to avoid, so that I'm able to show the true shape of the distributions.

Answer 1

I think I found the solution for this using the inspiration from the previous answer and this video:

import seaborn as sns
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd

np.random.seed(2021)
X2 = np.random.normal(10, 3, 200)
X3 = np.random.normal(34, 2, 200)

a = pd.DataFrame({"X3": X3, "X2":X2})
b = a[(a['X3'] < 30)]


hist_idx=[]

for i, c in enumerate(a.columns):
    bin_ = np.histogram(a[c], bins=20)[1]
    hist = np.where(np.logical_and(bin_<=max(b[c]), bin_>min(b[c])))
    hist_idx.append(hist)
    

f, axes = plt.subplots(2, 2,  gridspec_kw={"height_ratios":(.10, .30)}, figsize = (13, 4))

for i, c in enumerate(a.columns):
    sns.boxplot(a[c], ax=axes[0,i])
    axes[1, i].hist(a[c], bins = 20)
    axes[1, i].set(yticklabels=[])
    axes[1, i].set(xlabel='')
    axes[1, i].set(ylabel='')
    
for it, index in enumerate(hist_idx):
    lenght = len(index[0])
    for r in range(lenght):
        try:
            axes[1, it].patches[index[0][r]-1].set_fc("red")
        except:
            pass 


plt.tight_layout()
plt.show()

which yields the following for b = a[(a['X3'] < 30)] :

or for b = a[(a['X3'] > 36)]:

Thought I'd leave it here - although niche, might help someone in the future!

Answer 2

I created the following code with the understanding that the intent of your question is to add a different color to the histogram based on the data extracted under certain conditions. Use np.histogram() to get an array of frequencies and an array of bins. Get the index of the value closest to the value of the first row of data extracted for a certain condition. Change the color of the histogram with that retrieved index. The same method can be used to deal with the other graph.

import seaborn as sns
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd

np.random.seed(2021)
X2 = np.random.normal(10, 3, 200)
X3 = np.random.normal(34, 2, 200)

a = pd.DataFrame({"X3": X3, "X2":X2})

f, axes = plt.subplots(2, 2,  gridspec_kw={"height_ratios":(.10, .30)}, figsize = (13, 4))
for i, c in enumerate(a.columns):
    sns.boxplot(a[c], ax=axes[0,i])
    sns.distplot(a[c], ax = axes[1,i])
    axes[1, i].set(yticklabels=[])
    axes[1, i].set(xlabel='')
    axes[1, i].set(ylabel='')

b = a[(a['X2'] <4)]
hist3, bins3 = np.histogram(X3)
idx = np.abs(np.asarray(hist3) - b['X3'].head(1).values[0]).argmin()

for k in range(idx):
    axes[1,0].get_children()[k].set_color("red")

plt.tight_layout()
plt.show()