Why is a strong reference cycle possible with NSNotificationCenter but not UIView.animateWithDuration?

Question

With a NSNotificationCenter block, I have to use [unowned self] to avoid a strong reference cycle:

NSNotificationCenter.defaultCenter()
    .addObserverForName(UIApplicationWillEnterForegroundNotification,
        object: nil,
        queue: nil,
        usingBlock: { [unowned self] (notification : NSNotification!) -> Void in
            self.add(123)
        })

However, in UIView.animateWithDuration, I do not have to use [unowned self]:

   UIView.animateWithDuration(0.5, animations: { () -> Void in
      self.someOutlet.alpha = 1.0
      self.someMethod()
   })

What's the difference?

Answer 1

The only difference between the animation block and the notification center block is that the animation block is extremely short-lived—it is executed immediately and then released.

In both cases, the blocks will capture self; but only the NSNotificationCenter code is problematic because the notification center will hold a reference to the block indefinitely, since the notification can happen at any time.

Note that this is different than a circular reference. A circular reference is often created by an object holding a reference to a block that captures self, like this:

self.myBlock = {
   self.doSomething()
}

That circular reference means that self will never be deallocated. The notification center isn't a circular reference (since self doesn't hold a reference to the notification center), it's just a regular reference that will be held until the observer is removed.

Answer 2

The animations: () -> Void and completion: ((Bool) -> Void)? blocks for a UIView Animation do not retain a reference to self. This previous post is very informative on the topic

Do we need to use __weak self inside UIAnimationBlocks in ARC?

The notification block (NSNotification) -> Void does retain a reference to self, by passing it in as unowned in your case, it should not increment the retain count. I try to ensure I use either unowned, or weak, on any reference I pass into the closure. There is a great post about this found here http://krakendev.io/blog/weak-and-unowned-references-in-swift

But, I highly recommend staying away from using Notifications, especially with blocks, as there maybe a bug pointed out by this article, which was shocking when I read it.

http://sealedabstract.com/code/nsnotificationcenter-with-blocks-considered-harmful/