Shortcuts for the multiplicities in UML Class Diagrams

Question

Regarding the multiplicity between classes, I have seen 1..1 and 1 in the same textbook without clarifying the difference. What is the difference between 1..1 and 1 ? Are they same and used interchangeably?

Answer 1

They are semantically equivalent according to Version 2.5 of OMG's UML standard, see section 7.5.4.1

What follows are relevant quotes from that section.

The multiplicity bounds may be shown in the format: <lower-bound> ‘..’ <upper-bound>

If the lower bound is equal to the upper bound, then an alternate notation is to use a string containing just the upper bound. For example, “1” is semantically equivalent to “1..1” multiplicity.