Re-instantiating variables in switch case [duplicate]

Question

Why I cannot create variables in a each case with same name. For example, from the code below, in case 3 it will complain that String name already exists - but why would it? Case 1 has never been and will never be called.

I would not want to extract the definitions out of the switch-case. So why using if statements it lets to define same names in each case, but in switch-case it doesn't?

Here is a simple Java code with a switch case:

int type = 3;

switch (type) {
    case 1:
        String name = (String) respone.get("name");
        user.setName(name);
        break;
    case 2:
        String surname = (String) respone.get("surname");
        user.setSurname(surname);
        break;
    case 3:
        String name = (String) respone.get("name");
        user.clearName(name);
        break;
    default:
        ...
}

Answer 1

Write each case statement in a different block:

switch (type) {
    case 1: {
        String name = (String) respone.get("name");
        user.setName(name);
        break;
    }
    case 2: {
        String surname = (String) respone.get("surname");
        user.setSurname(surname);
        break;
    }
    ...
}