Produce "dodged" or "side-by-side" bar/column charts in Altair?

Question

Apologies if this has been asked before, but I'm looking for a way to create bar-charts that are "dodged" (language from ggplot2) using the Altair library in python.

I know Altair has this example:

import altair as alt
from vega_datasets import data

source = data.barley()

alt.Chart(source).mark_bar().encode(
    x='year:O',
    y='sum(yield):Q',
    color='year:N',
    column='site:N'
)

That produces this plot:

However, this has a lot of redundant labels and information. Ideally I want a plot where the paired bars encode the year in colour (blue is 1931 and orange is 1932) and then the cities running along the x-axis (ordinal variable).

Hard to explain, but here's an example of how to get a plot like this from seaborn (using different data; source isthis SO question):

Answer 1

Yes, you've found the recommended way to create grouped bar charts in Altair. If you want to adjust the final look of the chart, you can do things like removing & rearranging labels and titles; here's how you might modify your example to make it closer to the seaborn chart:

import altair as alt
from vega_datasets import data

source = data.barley()

alt.Chart(source).mark_bar().encode(
    x=alt.X('year:O', axis=alt.Axis(title=None, labels=False, ticks=False)),
    y=alt.Y('sum(yield):Q', axis=alt.Axis(grid=False)),
    color='year:N',
    column=alt.Column('site:N', header=alt.Header(title=None, labelOrient='bottom'))
).configure_view(
    stroke='transparent'
)