Operator ~ in c programming language

Question

How does ~ operator work in c?

can anyone explain the following code?

main()
{
   printf("%d",~5);
}

output is -6

Answer 1

5 is (probably) a 32-bit signed integer with bit representation 0x00000005, or in binary:

0b00000000000000000000000000001010

~5 is the bitwise NOT of 5, which will be 0xFFFFFFFA, or in binary:

0b11111111111111111111111111110101

Using two's complement, that is -6.