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What language is Arduino? Arduino code is written in C++ with an addition of special methods and functions, which we'll mention later on. C++ is a human-readable programming language.
In fact, you already are; the Arduino language is merely a set of C/C++ functions that can be called from your code. Your sketch undergoes minor changes (e.g. automatic generation of function prototypes) and then is passed directly to a C/C++ compiler (avr-g++).
Arduino is more than C, it is (a subset of) C++. Compiles under 1.5.
Arduino sketches are written in C++.
Here is a typical construct you'll encounter:
LiquidCrystal lcd(12, 11, 5, 4, 3, 2);
...
lcd.begin(16, 2);
lcd.print("Hello, World!");
That's C++, not C.
Both are supported. To quote the Arduino homepage,
The core libraries are written in C and C++ and compiled using avr-gcc
Note that C++ is a superset of C (well, almost), and thus can often look very similar. I am not an expert, but I guess that most of what you will program for the Arduino in your first year on that platform will not need anything but plain C.
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